PPPs for policy making: a visual guide to using data from the ICP - Chapter 5: Food and nutrition

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Food consumption

ICP data can also be used to investigate how the share of actual individual consumption expenditure spent on food differs with increasing consumption or income per capita, illustrating Engel’s Law which states that as incomes rise, the proportion of income spent on food decreases (figure 5.4). ICP data can also be used to examine the expenditure share of different food groups within a total “food basket” by region and country (figure 5.5).

Data from the ICP can also reveal the change in consumption of more disaggregated food groups, such as rice and poultry, as incomes rise. These data have assisted studies of demand-led production and market potential as countries move from low-income to lower-middle-income status, and have the potential to inform jobs transformation, infrastructure, and agricultural investment policies.

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Acknowledgments

Abbreviations

Introduction

Uses and limitations of Purchasing Power Parities

Chapter 1: The size of the economy and price levels

• Size of the economy
• Per capita measures
• Price levels
• Subnational analyses

Chapter 2: Poverty and inequality

• Poverty
• Inequality and shared prosperity

Chapter 3: Trade and competitiveness

• Competitiveness
• Market convergence
• Productivity

Chapter 4: Labor costs, wages, and social safety nets

• Labor costs
• Wages
• Social safety nets

Chapter 5: Food and nutrition

• Food security and nutrition
• Food consumption

Chapter 6: Health

• Health expenditures
• Health outcomes

Chapter 7: Education

• Education expenditures
• Education outcomes

Chapter 8: Energy and climate

• Energy efficiency
• Emissions and climate change

Chapter 9: Infrastructure

• Investment
• Transport
• Information and communication technology
• Research and development

Chapter 10: Human Development

• Human Development Index
• Gender Development Index
• Better Life Index

Chapter 11: Administrative uses

• Administrative uses

Technical note

• Presentation of data
• Concepts and definitions
• ICP classification of expenditures and indicators
• Further resources

Annex

References