PPPs for policy making: a visual guide to using data from the ICP - Chapter 8: Energy and climate

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Energy efficiency

Energy efficiency is key to strategies seeking to guarantee secure, sustainable, and inclusive economic growth, boost competitiveness and welfare, and to reduce the environmental footprint of the energy system.

Countries have pledged to double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency by 2030, as articulated by Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target 7.3, by making energy efficiency measures a policy and investment priority. The energy intensity level of primary energy, defined as the ratio of energy supply to PPP-based GDP, is the official SDG indicator used for measuring progress towards this target and is an indication of how much energy is used to produce one unit of economic output. It is a proxy for the efficiency with which a country is able to use energy to produce economic output. A lower ratio indicates that less energy is used to produce one unit of output. Using PPP-based GDP allows cross-country comparisons and map 8.1 shows the variation of energy intensity across countries.

Another published indicator of energy efficiency is PPP-based GDP per kilogram of energy use. Figure 8.1 shows the change over time of this efficiency measure by income group.

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Acknowledgments

Abbreviations

Introduction

Uses and limitations of Purchasing Power Parities

Chapter 1: The size of the economy and price levels

• Size of the economy
• Per capita measures
• Price levels
• Subnational analyses

Chapter 2: Poverty and inequality

• Poverty
• Inequality and shared prosperity

Chapter 3: Trade and competitiveness

• Competitiveness
• Market convergence
• Productivity

Chapter 4: Labor costs, wages, and social safety nets

• Labor costs
• Wages
• Social safety nets

Chapter 5: Food and nutrition

• Food security and nutrition
• Food consumption

Chapter 6: Health

• Health expenditures
• Health outcomes

Chapter 7: Education

• Education expenditures
• Education outcomes

Chapter 8: Energy and climate

• Energy efficiency
• Emissions and climate change

Chapter 9: Infrastructure

• Investment
• Transport
• Information and communication technology
• Research and development

Chapter 10: Human Development

• Human Development Index
• Gender Development Index
• Better Life Index

Chapter 11: Administrative uses

• Administrative uses

Technical note

• Presentation of data
• Concepts and definitions
• ICP classification of expenditures and indicators
• Further resources

Annex

References