Despite seeing growth surge in 2021, two consecutive shocks - the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine - risk stalling the EU27's recovery.
The World Bank’s “Inclusive Growth—Tested Again” report reviews how some EU member states - Bulgaria, Croatia, Poland, and Romania - can navigate turbulent economic times to foster long-term growth and inclusion. The report finds that reforms supported by investments in green and digital infrastructure and human capital can boost the growth potential in these countries between now and 2030.

The scarring from the pandemic, the war in Ukraine, and the green and digital transitions will bring about a change in the growth environment in the EU over the next decade. This report discusses long-term growth prospects in four EU countries—Bulgaria, Croatia, Poland and Romania.