Education in Eastern and Southern Africa

STORY September 10, 2025

Ethiopia’s TVET Reforms Open Doors for Young Women

World Bank projects boost Ethiopia’s TVET system - enhancing skills, jobs, and inclusion for young women.

STORY July 17, 2025

Rising Above Displacement: Somali Girls Access Higher Education

Through the World Bank-funded Rajo Kaaba Program, displaced Somali girls gain scholarships, skills, and hope for a brighter future.

STORY June 18, 2025

Transforming Rwanda’s Workforce Through Skills and Jobs

Rwanda’s skills-led reforms are boosting jobs, closing gender gaps, and aligning training with market needs.

Our vision is for all children and youth in Eastern and Southern Africa to have the education and skills to realize their potential and contribute to the sustainable development of the region. 

In Eastern and Southern Africa, 66 million children, adolescents, and youth are projected to be out of school by 2030. Without substantial action, approximately 89% (or 20 million) of children at the end of primary school (10-year-olds) will be ‘learning poor’. Overall, nearly 9 in 10 children in Sub-Saharan Africa struggle to read by age 10, a global concern exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Positive transformations are happening across the region. In Kenya, under the Tusome program, students in grades 1 and 2 improved their reading in Kiswahili by the equivalent of roughly three to five years of schooling. In the Democratic Republic of Congo, the elimination of primary school fees in public schools in 2019 has resulted in 3.7 million more children in gaining access to primary education, marking a 25% increase in enrollment in public primary schools. Similarly, Tanzania's results-based financing education program led to an additional 1.8 million students enrolling in primary schools and additional 1 million students in secondary schools. These efforts have significantly boosted enrollment.

Education

African countries are also facing the pressing challenge of equipping its young and rapidly growing population with quality education and technical skills. It is estimated that up to 12 million young Africans are entering the job market every year. By 2050, Sub-Saharan Africa will have the largest and youngest workforce in the world.

Several countries are responding to labor market needs. Rwanda, for example, provided up-skilling opportunities  for about 25,000 youth neither in employment nor in education and training (NEET). Over 70 percent of these beneficiaries are now employed. Scaling up this success, a follow on new skills operation is in Rwanda is targeting an additional 100,000 youth NEET. Building on sustained investments in skills for productive jobs, Tanzania is tripling annual technical and vocational education and training (TVET) enrolment to 1.5 million trainees by 2030 and incentivizing innovation in priority sectors such as digital technologies and green skills.

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Education Sector

The World Bank Group is the largest financier of education in the developing world, working in 90 countries and committed to helping them reach SDG4: access to inclusive and equitable quality education and lifelong learning opportunities for all by 2030.

Education-related Projects

World Bank's projects focused on education development in Eastern and Southern Africa.

Documents & Reports on Education

Learn more about the challenges and possible solutions to education development in Eastern and Southern Africa from the world Bank's research and publications.