Session 1: Introduction
Description
The co-hosts of the forum gave opening remarks before introducing the agenda and participants.
Speakers
Juan Pablo Uribe – Global Director, Health, Nutrition and Population, World Bank and Director of the Global Financing Facility
Atul Gawande – Assistant Administrator for Global Health, United States Agency for International Development
Jane Pepperall – Senior Health Advisor, Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
Session 2: East Asia and the Pacific & South Asia: A Helicopter View of Two Dynamic Regions
Description
This session provided an overview of key trends facing East Asia and the Pacific, and South Asia regions – in terms of outlining some of the remaining and emerging risk factors and challenges – that will and are impacting the way health systems are designed and financed in both regions.
Speakers
Daniel Dulitzky – Regional Director, East Asia and the Pacific, World Bank
Aparnaa Somanathan – Practice Manager, Health, Nutrition and Population, East Asia and the Pacific, World Bank
Feng Zhao – Practice Manager, Health, Nutrition and Population, South Asia, World Bank
Ajay Tandon – Lead Economist, on behalf of Trina Haque – Practice Manager, Health, Nutrition and Population, South Asia, World Bank
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Reports
From Double Shock to Double Recovery: Health Financing in the Time of COVID-19
Walking the Talk: Reimagining Primary Health Care After COVID-19
Session 3: Increasing Health System Efficiencies in Light of COVID-19 and Longer-term Trends
Description
This session set the stage for the discussions that followed. Speakers presented the macro-fiscal trends in East Asia and the Pacific after COVID-19, as well as the longer term trends which are changing the pattern of health care demand in the region.
Speakers
Aaditya Mattoo – Chief Economist, East Asia and the Pacific, World Bank
Christoph Kurowski – Global Lead for Health Financing, World Bank
Aparnaa Somanathan – Practice Manager, Health, Nutrition and Population, East Asia and the Pacific, World Bank
Ajay Tandon – Lead Economist, World Bank
Di Dong – Senior Health Economist, World Bank
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Session 4: Putting People at the Center: Lancet Global Health Commission on Financing Primary Health Care
Description
Looking at the recommendations on Primary Health Care financing from the Lancet Global Health Commission on Financing Primary Health Care. Speakers introduced the opportunities at the boundaries for primary health care financing discussed at the Global Annual Health Financing Forum in June 2022, and discussed their relevance in the Asian context.
Speakers
Kara Hanson – Chair of the “Lancet Global Health Commission on financing primary health care: putting people at the center” and Dean, Faculty of Public Health and Policy at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
Christoph Kurowski – Commissioner of the Lancet Report, and Global Lead for Health Financing, World Bank
S. Janaka Sri Chandraguptha – Secretary, Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka
Prastuti Soewondo – Special Staff of Health Minister for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Indonesia
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Reports
Lancet Global Health Commission on Financing Primary Health Care
How Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) coverage influences out-of-pocket (OOP) payments by vulnerable populations in Indonesia
From Double Shock to Double Recovery Report
Tracking Universal Health Coverage: 2021 Global Monitoring Report
Session 5: Funding Primary Health Care in Times of COVID-19
Description
This session sought to understand what options countries have for spending more on primary health care over the next few years. It began by looking at options for increasing general government revenues per capita, and then general government expenditure per capita, at a time of a slowdown in global growth, increasing debt and inflation fears. It then explored the options to give a higher share of general government expenditure to health and the possibilities of allocating a higher share of government health expenditure to primary health care.
Speakers
Emiko Masaki – Senior Economist, Health, World Bank
David Evans – Health Financing Consultant, World Bank
Delphine Anne Moretti – Regional Public Financial Management Advisor for Southeast Asia, International Monetary Fund
Rachel Koshy Kallumadiyil – Public Health Medicine Specialist, Family Health Development Division, Ministry of Health, Malaysia
Himali Bogodagedara – Acting Director, External Resources Department, Ministry of Finance, Sri Lanka
Taimur Khan Jhagra – Minister for Finance and Health, Government of Kyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Viengmany Bounkham – Deputy Director General, Department of Planning and Cooperation, Ministry of Health, Lao PDR
Alfred Tonganibeia – Deputy Director, Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Kiribati
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Session 6: Financial Protection in Health in the COVID-19 Era: The Baseline, What to Expect and How to Respond
Description
This session looked at trends in measures of financial protection in East Asia and the Pacific and South Asia regions over the last two decades, including the pandemic period. It went on to consider how financial protection in health might have been affected by the health and economic shock brought by the pandemic and then discussed policy options put in place in these regions to protect the populations from forgoing care and from undue financial hardship.
Speakers
Aparnaa Somanathan – Practice Manager, Health, Nutrition and Population, East Asia and the Pacific, World Bank
Ellen van De Poel – Senior Economist, Health, World Bank
Gabriela Flores – Senior Health Economist, World Health Organisation
Patrick Eozenou – Senior Economist, World Bank
Shankar Prinja – Executive Director, National Health Authority, India
Shabnum Sarfaraz – Member Social Sector, Planning Commission Pakistan, Pakistan
Clementine A. Bautisa – Senior Vice President, Health Financing Policy Sector, Philippine Health Insurance Corporation, Philippines
Waraporn Suwanwela – Assistant Secretary General, National Health Security Office, Thailand
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Session 7: Financing for Essential Medicines for Primary Health Care
Description
This session explored the strategies that countries have used to reduce out-of-pocket expenses related to medicines. It discussed strategies to reduce either the need for people to pay for medicines as part of their first-line treatment or the cost of these medicines. Vietnam, South Korea, India, and Maldives have all made significant progress in financing for essential medicines for primary health care and representatives joined this panel to share their insights.
Speakers
Jane Pepperall – Senior Health Advisor, Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
David Evans – Health Financing Consultant, World Bank
Valeria de Oliveira Cruz – Regional Advisor for Health Financing and Governance, South-East Asia Region Office, World Health Organization
Nguyen Khanh Phuong – Deputy Director, Health Strategy and Policy Institute, Ministry of Health, Vietnam
Sang-Baek Chris Kang – Director-General of Global Cooperation, National Health Insurance Service, South Korea
Narayan Swaroop Nigam – Secretary for Health & Family Welfare Department, Government of West Bengal, India
Shah Abdulla Mahir – State Minister for Health, Maldives
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presentations
Session 8: Health Taxes in Times of COVID-19
Description
This session investigated the potential role, opportunities, and challenges of implementing tax on unhealthy products, including tobacco, alcohol, and sugar-sweetened beverages as an option to improve population health outcomes and simultaneously expand governments’ fiscal space. Expanding fiscal space includes increasing tax revenues and reducing expenditures related to tobacco, alcohol, and sugar-sweetened beverages use (e.g., healthcare, public safety, etc.). Earmarking of revenues for health may be viable in some jurisdictions and may also be important to increase political viability and public acceptability.
Speakers
Kate Mandeville – Senior Health Specialist, World Bank
Hideki Higashi – Senior Economist, World Bank
Catherine Harding – VicHealth Board Member, Australia
Batbayar Ochirbat – Adviser to the Minister of Health, Mongolia
Kenneth G. Ronquill – Under Secretary of Health, Department of Health, Philippines
Robert Thomsen – Acting Director General/Deputy Director General, Ministry of Health, Samoa
Yeshoda Aryal – Chief Public Health Administrator, Ministry of Health and Population, Nepal
Lennert Veerman – Professor of Public Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University
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Session 9: Assessing Primary Health Care Effectiveness: Analyzing Hospitalizations for Ambulatory-care Sensitive Conditions
Description
Session 9 presented an overview concept of Potentially Preventable Hospitalization and discussed its measurement and potential for implementation in the countries of both regions. It covered the concept of Potentially Preventable Hospitalization and Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions and why hospitalizations for Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions are increasingly being used globally to routinely assess the effectiveness of primary health care across countries; how hospitalizations of these conditions can be measured and assessed using case study example from Vietnam; how incentive payments to community health workers and other provider payment mechanisms are often tied to bringing down hospitalizations for Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions; and discussed applicability and challenges from government counterparts from India and Fiji.
Speakers
Trina Haque – Practice Manager, Health, Nutrition and Population, South Asia, World Bank
Huong Lan Dao – Senior Health Specialist, World Bank
Sheena Chhabra – Senior Health Specialist, World Bank
Sarah Bales – Consultant, World Bank
Valeria de Oliveira Cruz – Regional Adviser for Health Financing and Governance, South-East Asia Region Office, World Health Organization
James Fong – Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Fiji
Sudha Chandrasekhar – Executive Director, Health Policy & Hospital Engagement Assurance, National Health Authority, India
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Session 10: Health Financing for Service Delivery Redesign
Description
This session summarized key findings from the Lancet Commission on High Quality Health Systems – especially the recommendation for service delivery redesign, i.e., the intentional reorganization of a health system. The purpose is to improve quality and outcomes – rather than focusing on geographic access alone – when discussing how health financing levers could be better leveraged for facilitating service delivery redesign. It also discussed SDR in the context of maternal and newborn health using the case of India where health financing levers could be better leveraged to incentivize all women to seek quality antenatal and postnatal care at lower-level health facilities but to give birth at or near facilities with access to emergency obstetric care, given the inability to predict the risk of adverse birth outcomes at the individual level. It considered additional health financing options from global experiences for incentivizing and facilitating service delivery redesign, before finally canvassing issues and challenges for implementation from country representatives from Afghanistan, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Indonesia, and Cambodia.
Speakers
Mickey Chopra – Global Solutions Lead for Service Delivery, World Bank
Ali Hamandi – Economist, World Bank
Supriya Madhavan – Senior Heath Specialist, World Bank
Marion Cross – Senior Economist, World Bank
Habib Ahmadzai – Senior Health Specialist, World Bank
Habib Millat – Member of Parliament, Bangladesh
Youk Sambath – Secretary of State, Health, Cambodia
Tshering Wangdi – Senior Planning Officer, Policy and Planning Division, Ministry of Health, Bhutan
Lily Kresnowati – Director, Health Service Assurance, National Health Insurance Agency (BPJS-K), Indonesia
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Session 11: Closing session
Description
This session presented and discussed forward-looking actions based on the key takeaways from the forum's sessions, taking stock of knowledge, standpoints, and experiences shared during the forum.
Speakers
Christoph Kurowski – Global Lead for Health Financing, World Bank
Somil Nagpal – Senior Health Specialist, World Bank
Marcelo Amaral – Director General of Corporate Services, Ministry of Health, Timor-Leste
Rozita Halina Tun Hussein – Director of Planning Division, Ministry of Health, Malaysia
Uma Sakthivel – Project Director, Tamil Nadu Health System Reform Program, Health and Family Welfare Department, Government of Tamil Nadu, India
