Lead poisoning is an underrecognized yet critical public health and environmental challenge in Bangladesh; disproportionately affecting children and undermining the country's human capital development. Exposure primarily arises from informal recycling of lead-acid batteries; adulterated turmeric; and environmental contamination of air; soil; and water. Recent evidence; including blood lead level surveys; indicates alarming exposure levels; surpassing WHO thresholds in over 80% of children tested across several districts. This burden is linked to irreversible neurological damage; malnutrition; stunting; and economic losses from diminished productivity and cognitive potential. As such; the Health; Nutrition and Population Global Practice (HNP GP) is seeking a firm to support the development of a policy note that addresses the critical impacts of lead exposure on stunting; cognitive development; and human capital formation through a desk-based exercise. Based on this review; the note is expected to provide actionable evidence-based recommendations to enhance public health; productivity; and environmental sustainability in the country. This effort aims to strengthen Bangladesh’s resilience to environmental health challenges while supporting its development and climate goals.