Africa Region Working Paper Series Last Updated: Thursday, January 20, 2011 The Africa Region Working Paper Series expedites dissemination of applied research and policy studies with potential for improving economic performance and social conditions in Sub-Saharan Africa. The Series publishes papers at preliminary stages to stimulate timely discussion within the Region and among client countries, donors, and the policy research community. The editorial board for the Series consists of representatives from professional families appointed by the Region's Sector Directors. Requests for hard copies can be sent to the managing editor of the series, Paula White. Mr. Paul Brenton oversees the Africa Region WP series. Should the author have any questions, please contact Paul Brenton,(Ext. 34255) or Paula White, (Ext. 81131.) ARWPS 130a: The Cotton Sector of Côte d'Ivoire ARWPS 130b: La Filière Coton de Côte d'Ivoire ARWPS 129a: The Economics of Roller Ginning Technology and Implications for African Cotton Sector ARWPS 129b: Les Principes Economiques de la Technologie d'égrenage à rouleaux et ses implications pour les secteurs africains du coton ARWPS 128: Angola: Local Government Discretion and Accountability ARWPS 127: The Cotton Sector Of Tanzania ARWPS 126: The Cotton Sector Of Cameroon ARWPS 125: The Cotton Sector Of Benin ARWPS 124: The Cotton Sector of Zambia ARWPS 123: The Cotton Sector Of Uganda ARWPS 122: The Cotton Sector of Zimbabwe ARWPS 121: Quality and Marketing of Cotton Lint in Africa ARWPS 120: Umbrella Restructuring of a Multicountry Program (Horizontal APL) Restructuring the Multicountry HIV/AIDS Program (MAP) in Africa ARWPS 119: Tax Compliance Costs for Small Business in South Africa, Web-Survey of Tax Practitioners Provincial Data Analysis ARWPS 118b: MADAGASCAR: Règlementations du Travail de Jure et Contraintes Réelles du Climat des Investissements ARWPS 118a: MADAGASCAR: De Jure Labor Regulations and Actual investment Climate Constraints ARWPS 117: Travaux publics à haute intensité de main d’oeuvre (HIMO) pour la protection sociale à Madagascar : Problèmes et options de politique ARWPS 116: Taking Stock of Community Initiatives In the Fight Against HIV/AIDS in Africa: Experience, Issues, and Challenges ARWPS 115: The Rwandan Industrial and Mining Survey (RIMS), 2005 Survey Report and Major Findings ARWPS 114: Promoting Sustainable Pro-Poor Growth in Rwandan Agriculture: What are the Policy Options ARWPS 113: Profile of Zambia’s Smallholders: Where and Who are the Potential Beneficiaries of Agricultural Commercialization? ARWPS 112: Labor Markets, the Non-Farm Economy and Household Livelihood Strategies in Rural Madagascar ARWPS 111: Growth, Inequality and Poverty in Madagascar, 2001-2005 ARWPS 110: Development of the Cities of Ghana - Challenges, Priorities and Tools ARWPS 109: Accelerating Sustainable, Efficient and Equitable Land Reform: Case Study of the Qedusizi/Besters Cluster Project ARWPS 108: Building Sector Concerns into Macroeconomic Financial Programming: Lessons from Senegal and Uganda ARWPS 107: The Impact of Real Exchange Rates on Manufacturing Exports in Benin ARWPS 106: An Evaluation of the Welfare Impact of Higher Energy Prices in Madagascar ARWPS 105: Assessing Labor Market Conditions in Madagascar ARWPS 104 Development of the Cities of Mali ; Développement des Villes Maliennes ARWPS 103: ECOWAS: Fiscal Revenue Implications of the Prospective Economic Partnership Agreement with the EU ARWPS 102: Riz et pauvreté à Madagascar ARWPS 101: Rice Markets in Madagascar in Disarray: Policy Options for Increased Efficiency and Price Stabilization ARWPS 100: The Impact of Morbidity and Mortality on Municipal Human Resources and Service Delivery: An Analysis of 3 African Cities ARWPS 99: Improving Nutrition in Ethiopia – A Multi-sectoral Challenge ARWPS 98: Measuring Intergovernmental Fiscal Perfornace in South Afirca - Issues in Municipal Grant Monitoring ARWPS 97: The Urban Transition in Sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction ARWPS 96: Industry Concentration in South African Manufacturing: Trends and Consequences, 1972-1996 ARWPS 95: South Africa ’s Export Performance: Determinants of Export supply ARWPS 94: South Africa - Sources and Constraints of Long-Term Growth, 1970-2000 ARWPS 93: The Rise of Ghana’s Pineapple Industry - From Successful Takeoff to Sustainable Expansion ARWPS 92: Community Driven Development in South Africa , 1990-2004 ARWPS 91: Uganda - How Good a Trade Policy Benchmark for Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)? ARWPS 90: Kenya - Export Prospects and Problems ARWPS 89: Framework for Forest Resource Management in Sub-Saharan Africa ARWPS 88: Operational Challenges Community Home Based Care (CHBC) for PLWHA in Multi-Country Aids Programs (MAP) in Africa ARWPS 87: Poverty in Mozambique: Unraveling Changes and Determinants ARWPS 86: Infrastructure, Productivity and Urban Dynamics in Côte d’Ivoire: An empirical analysis and policy implications ARWPS 85: Poverty Reducing Potential of Smallholder Agriculture in Zambia: Opportunities and Constraints ARWPS 84: Sexual Minorities, Violence and AIDS in Africa ARWPS 83: Rules of Origin and SADC: The Case for Change in the Mid Term Review of the Trade Protocol ARWPS 82: The Medium-Term Expenditure Framework: The Challenges of Budget Integration in SSA countries ARWPS 81: Earnings Differences between Men and Women in R wanda ARWPS 80: What Makes FDI Work? A Panel Analysis of the Growth Effect of FDI in Africa ARWPS 79: Expérience dans le passage à l’échelle nationale de l’appui à la réponse locale des Programmes plurinationaux de lutte contre le VIH/SIDA (MAP) en Afrique ARWPS 79: Experience in Scaling up Support to Local Response in Multi-Country Aids Programs (map) in Africa ARWPS 78: Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers: Do They Matter for Children and Young People Made Vulnerable by HIV/AIDS? ARWPS 77: Implementing Performance-Based Aid in Africa: The Country Policy and Institutional Assessment ARWPS 76: Salient Features of Trade Performance in Eastern and Southern Africa ARWPS 75: Remittances to Comoros - Volume, Trends, Impact and Implications ARWPS 74: An Analysis of the Trade Regime in Bolivia in 2001: A Trade Policy Benchmark for Low Income Countries ARWPS 73: Post-Conflict Peace Building in Africa - The Challenges of Socio-Economic Recovery and Development ARWPS 72: Regional Trade Integration in East Africa: Trade and Revenue Impacts of the Planned East African Community Customs Union ARWPS 71: An Analysis of Chile's Trade Regime in 1998 and 2001: A Good Practice Trade Policy Benchmark ARWPS 70: Tanzania’s Cashew Sector: Constraints and Challenges in a Global Environment ARWPS 69: Tanzania’s Tea Sector: Constraints and Challenges ARWPS 68: Bottom-Up Administrative Reform: Designing Indicators for a Local Governance Scorecard in Nigeria ARWPS 67: An Analysis of the Trade Regime in Senegal (2001) and UEMOA’s Common External Trade Policies ARWPS 66: How will we know Millenium Development Results when we see them? ARWPS 65: Government Revenues and Expenditures in Guinea-Bissau: Causality and Cointegration ARWPS 64: Migrant Labor Remittances in Africa: Reducing Obstacles to Developmental Contributions ARWPS 63: Republic of Madagascar: Tourism Sector Study ARWPS 62: Reforming the Cotton Sector in Sub-Saharan Africa (Second Edition) ARWPS 61: Evolution of Poverty and Welfare in Ghana in the 1990s: Achievements and Challenges ARWPS 60: Linking Farmers to Markets: Exporting Malian Mangoes to Europe ARWPS 59: Rwanda: The Search for Post-Conflict Socio-Economic Change, 1995-2001 ARWPS 58: How Far Did Africa’s First Generation Trade Reforms Go? An Intermediate Methodology for Comparative Analysis of Trade Policies, June 2003 ARWPS 57: The New Southern African Customs Union Agreement, June 2003 ARWPS 56: Tanzania’s Coffee Sector: Constraints and Challenges in a Global Environment, June 2003 ARWPS 55: Malawi’ s Tobacco Sector: Standing on One Strong Leg is Better Than on None, June 2003 ARWPS 54: Microfinance Institutions’ Response in Conflict Environments: Eritrea – Savings and Micro Credit Program, West Bank and Gaza – Palestine for Credit and Development, Haiti – Micro Crédit National, S.A., June 2003 ARWPS 53: Evaluating Banking Supervision in Africa, June 2003 ARWPS 52: Regional Integration in Central Africa: Key Issues, June 2003 ARWPS 51: Microfinance Regulation in Tanzania: Implications for Development and Performance of the Industry, June 2003 ARWPS 50: Microfinance Regulation in Benin: Implications of the PARMEC Law for Development and Performance of the Industry, June 2003 ARWPS 49: Rural and Micro Finance Regulation in Ghana: Implications for Development and Performance of the Industry, June 2003 ARWPS 48: HIV/AIDS, Human Capital, and Economic Growth Prospects for Mozambique, February 2003 ARWPS 47: Reforming the Cotton Sector in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), March 2003 ARWPS 46: Senegal Tourism Sector Study, March 2003 ARWPS 45: Public Expenditure Performance in Rwanda: Evidence from a Public Expenditure Tracking Study in the Health and Education Sectors, March 2003 ARWPS 44: Modernizing Africa's Agro-Food Systems: Analytical Framework and Implications for Operations, February 2003 ARWPS 43: Analyzing Financial and Private Sector Linkages in Africa, January 2003 ARWPS 42: Tanzania's Cotton Sector: Constraints and Challenges in a Global Environment, December 2002 ARWPS 41: An Industry Level Analysis of Manufacturing Productivity in Senegal, November 2002 ARWPS 40: Decentralization in Africa: A Stocktaking Survey, November 2002 ARWPS 39: The Impact of Cash Budgets on Poverty Reduction in Zambia: A Case Study of the Conflict between Well-Intentioned Macroeconomic Policy and Service Delivery to the Poor, November 2002 ARWPS 38: A Macroeconomic Framework for Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers: With an Application to Zambia, October 2002 ARWPS 37: Obstacles and Opportunities for Senegal's International Competitiveness: Case Studies of the Peanut Oil, Fishing and Textile Industries, September 2002 ARWPS 36: Patterns of Governance in Africa, September 2002 ARWPS 35: A Review of the Rural Firewood Market Strategy in West Africa, August 2002 ARWPS 34: Putting Welfare on the Map in Madagascar, August 2002 ARWPS 33: Addressing Gender Issues in Demobilization and Reintegration Programs, August 2002 ARWPS 32: Promoting Growth and Employment in South Africa, June 2002 ARWPS - 31: Efficiency of Public Expenditure Distribution and Beyond: A Report on Ghana's 2000 Public Expenditure Tracking Survey in the Sectors of Primary Health and Education, May 2002 ARWPS - 30: Post-Conflict Recovery in Africa: An Agenda for the Africa Region, April 2002 ARWPS - 29: The Changing Distribution of Public Education Expenditure in Malawi, Samer Al-Samarrai and Hassan Zaman, March 2002 ARWPS - 28: Medium Term Expenditure Frameworks: From Concept to Practice. Preliminary Lessons from Africa, Philippe Le Houerou and Robert Taliercio, February 2002 ARWPS - 27: Free Trade Agreements and the SADC Economies, Jeffrey D. Lewis, Sherman Robinson, and Karen Thierfelder, February 2002 ARWPS - 26: What Can Africa Expect From Its Traditional Exports?, Francis Ng and Alexander Yeats, February 2002 ARWPS - 25: Design and Implementation of Financial Management Systems: An African Perspective, Guenter Heidenhof, Helene Grandvoinnet, Daryoush Kianpour, and Bobak Rezaian, January 2002 ARWPS - 24: The Budget and Medium--Term Expenditure Frameworks in Uganda, David L. Bevan, December 2001 ARWPS - 23: Child Soldiers: Preventing, Demobilizing and Reintegrating, Beth Verhey, November 2001 ARWPS - 22: Child Malnutrition in Ethiopia: Can Maternal Knowledge Augment The Role of Income?, Luc Christiaensen and Harold Alderman, October 2001 ARWPS - 21: Handling Hierarchy in Decentralized Settings: Governance Underpinnings of School Performance in Tikur Inchini, West Shewa Zone, Oromia Region, Navin Girishankar, Abebaw Alemayehu, and Yusuf Ahmad, September 2001 ARWPS - 20: Information and Communication Technology, Poverty, and Development in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, Miria A. Pigato, August 2001 ARWPS - 19: Changes in Poverty in Madagascar: 1993-1999, Stefano Paternostro, Jean Razafindravonona, David Stifel, July 2001 ARWPS - 18: Rural Infrastructure in Africa: Policy Directions, Robert Fishbein, June 2001 ARWPS - 17: Export Processing Zones: Has Africa Missed the Boat? Not yet!, Peter L. Watson, May 2001 ARWPS - 16: Choice Of Exchange Rate Regimes For Developing Countries, Fahrettin Yagci, April 2001 ARWPS - 15: The Foreign Direct Investment Environment in Africa, Miria Pigato, April 2001 ARWPS - 14: Reform and Opportunity: The Changing Role and Patterns of Trade in South Africa and SADC, Jeffrey D. Lewis, March 2001 ARWPS - 13: Conflict Diamonds, Louis Goreux, February 2001 ARWPS - 12: Tourism in Africa, Iain T. Christie and Doreen E. Crompton, February 2001 ARWPS - 11: Spending on Safety Nets for the Poor: How Much, For How Many? The Case of Malawi, William James Smith, January 2001 ARWPS - 10: Revisiting Growth and Convergence: Is Africa Catching Up? , Charalambos G. Tsangarides, December 2000 ARWPS - 9: The Macro Implications of HIV/AIDS in South Africa: A Preliminary Assessment, Jeffrey D. Lewis and Channing Arndt, December 2000 ARWPS - 8: Foreign Direct Investment in Africa: Old Tales and New Evidence, Miria Pigato, November 2000 ARWPS - 7: On the Recent Trade Performance of Sub-Saharan African Countries: Cause for Hope or More of the Same?, Francis Ng and Alexander J. Yeats, September 2000 ARWPS - 6: The Cost of Doing Business: Ugandan Firms’ Experiences with Corruption, Jakob Svensson, June 2000 ARWPS - 5: Forest Taxes, Government Revenues and the Sustainable Exploitation of Tropical Forests, Luca Barbone and Juan Zalduendo, January 2000 ARWPS - 4 : Pensions and Social Security in Sub-Saharan Africa: Issues and Options, Luca Barbone and Luis-Alvaro Sanchez B., October 1999 ARWPS - 3 : Business Taxation in a Low-Revenue Economy. A Study on Uganda in Comparison With Neighboring Countries, Duanjie Chen, Ritva Reinikka, June 1999 ARWPS - 2 : Toward Inclusive and Sustainable Development in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Markus Kostner, March 1999 ARWPS - 1 : Progress in Public Expenditure Management in Africa: Evidence from World Bank Surveys, Christos Kostopoulos, January, 1999

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