00:01 Good day and welcome to this tutorial into the toolbox for assessing
00:05 available and suitable plastic waste management
00:07 solutions on small and remote islands.
00:11 My name is Tiller Fogler.
00:12 I am working for Osnabruck,
00:14 Germany-based waste management advisory and auditing firm Sugloss.
00:19 Together with our Malaysian partner LaSAU,
00:22 we elaborated this toolbox on behalf of the World Bank
00:26 and CASA,
00:27 the Malaysian Ministry for Environment and Water.
00:33 I'm presenting
00:34 an interactive and automated toolbox that suggests suitable
00:38 solutions and technologies for small and remote islands.
00:43 And its development has been based on the analysis undertaken
00:47 in Malaysia.
00:49 Nevertheless,
00:49 we deem it applicable also beyond the Malaysian context,
00:53 also covering small and remote islands or functional islands
00:58 in countries with
00:59 comparable characteristics,
01:01 as can be found in Malaysia.
01:04 Importantly,
01:05 this toolbox covers the quantitative aspects of a waste
01:09 management system on a small and remote islands.
01:12 It uses
01:13 these quantitative data points to make an assessment on the collection rate,
01:17 the seasonality of waste,
01:19 the plastic waste volume,
01:21 and the market access.
01:25 In the scheme
01:27 Visible right now,
01:28 we see the required quantitative data on the left in the form of the big blue arrow,
01:34 and then what the toolbox does.
01:36 It translates these quantitative data inputs into 3 recommendation clusters.
01:42 One is concerning general waste management practices.
01:45 One is concerning waste
01:48 market access,
01:49 and one is concerning
01:52 concrete technology
01:53 and solution applications on the islands.
01:57 These technology and solutions are described in details in the form of technology
02:02 fact sheets and then presented as an overview in a technology synthesis.
02:07 All these 3 recommendation clusters are then translated
02:11 into a conclusion sheet that can easily be printed.
02:16 As I said,
02:17 this toolbox is an interactive and automated
02:21 tool,
02:22 and I want to guide you through its functionality
02:25 and walk with you step by step on how it works,
02:28 what data is required,
02:29 and what it does.
02:34 So here we are on the introductory sheet
02:37 and we see the gray box which is more or less what I'm just,
02:42 what I've just told you orally,
02:44 and we can use this Excel sheet
02:48 through clicking onto different buttons.
02:51 This first sheet has one button which I click at right now.
02:55 This guides us to the data input sheet.
02:58 This data input sheet
03:01 requires
03:02 fundamental data
03:04 in order to then make an assessment on what technologies and solutions are suitable
03:09 and again also to guide on general waste management practices.
03:14 We already have a little bit of data given here,
03:17 something that we can of course modify.
03:19 So currently we talk about 1500
03:22 residents on the islands.
03:23 We can also take a different number,
03:25 for example,
03:26 1800.
03:29 To stay in the range,
03:30 we can modify the
03:32 volume of solid waste to
03:35 remain in a realistic range,
03:37 for example,
03:37 0.5 kg
03:40 per capita per day.
03:42 The waste collection rate currently at a rather high end.
03:45 We could also put a lower end,
03:47 and the estimated share of plastic,
03:49 14% is realistic,
03:51 as would
03:52 12% be.
03:55 Then as many
03:57 small and remote islands.
04:00 Rely
04:01 economically on tourism.
04:03 This also translates into seasonally higher
04:07 waste volumes from tourism.
04:09 Currently we have put this at a rather high amount of 60%.
04:13 We can also use an island that is less characterized by tourism,
04:17 for example,
04:18 at around 20%.
04:20 As you can see on the right,
04:22 depending on the exact data that is put in,
04:25 there's already
04:26 2 recommendations given concerning the general waste management practices.
04:34 As a next step within the toolbox.
04:37 We have 3 more buttons that guide into different
04:41 sheets.
04:42 I want to start with the market access analysis.
04:48 The rationale behind this market access calculation is that
04:53 if recyclables collected from the islands can be fed into
04:58 the mainland.
05:00 Markets,
05:01 this is a preferable option as
05:04 these markets at scale work economically efficient.
05:09 Therefore,
05:10 we have used common materials that can be found
05:13 on Malaysian islands
05:15 and already put some prices.
05:17 Of course these differ
05:19 depending on the offtake point,
05:21 for example,
05:21 rather
05:23 at more distance from the actual processors,
05:27 a bit lower because transport costs need to be accounted for
05:30 or higher if they can be fed
05:32 indirectly to the converters.
05:36 So as I said,
05:37 we have common fractions,
05:39 aluminum cans,
05:40 other metals,
05:41 old corrugated cotton buoy,
05:43 or plastic as rigid monomaterials.
05:46 We can also add another category,
05:48 for example,
05:49 PET bottles.
05:51 Which are also quite common
05:53 and give a price that could be maybe slightly
05:57 below the one for plastic rigid monomaterials.
06:02 I will now put in a common share of percentage of the collected waste.
06:08 Let's say
06:10 aluminum could be 6%.
06:12 Other
06:13 metals could be around 12%,
06:16 of the sea could be at around 36%.
06:20 And then we can have maybe 35% of plastic,
06:24 and the remaining 11% would be PET bottles.
06:28 Here it is important that the percentage comes to 100%.
06:36 If we then look at the cost per trip
06:38 and the capacity per trip,
06:40 we come
06:41 to
06:42 a conclusion if the market access is viable.
06:45 Just as an example,
06:47 if
06:47 the cost per trip would be much higher,
06:50 this is just an example here,
06:52 so say 1500 Malaysian ringgits or dollars,
06:56 the market access would be highly unrealistic,
06:59 and the recommendation would also be very different.
07:07 I will now go back into the more general data sheet
07:12 and look into the overview of treatment technologies and solutions
07:17 based on the data that we have filled in here,
07:19 we will
07:21 come to a range of technologies and solutions that are within thisiLENS range.
07:26 The island's range,
07:28 the island's range is
07:31 displayed by the blue bar.
07:33 I also want to make just
07:35 one
07:36 change here in order for you to see how this can change.
07:40 For example,
07:41 if we double the number of people on the island to 3600
07:46 and then look into
07:49 The technologies
07:50 the blue bar has moved.
07:55 Yeah,
07:56 and then we see a range of technologies
07:59 suggested.
08:01 We follow
08:03 general waste handling technologies such as
08:06 separation or handling and logistics,
08:08 as well as treatment technologies.
08:11 The color scheme here is oriented at the waste hierarchy.
08:14 Recovery processes are
08:17 rated higher than disposal options that do not allow to
08:21 recover any of the material's value.
08:24 So therefore in general on the left we see material and mechanical recycling
08:29 ranked high,
08:30 feedstock or chemical recycling with the opportunity
08:33 to only recover less of the material's value
08:36 a little bit lower,
08:37 and then incineration and landfill
08:40 as some disposal generally disposal options.
08:45 We then have,
08:46 and the color scheme is a little bit different,
08:48 we then have
08:50 solutions and technologies displayed
08:53 that are applicable
08:55 in the respective island.
08:57 And
08:58 that are rated according to their potential
09:01 to contribute to plastic waste management practices.
09:05 So if we have a green colored solution or technology,
09:09 that means we see significant potential
09:11 to contribute to an island's plastic waste management.
09:16 If it's yellow,
09:18 we could say.
09:20 Colloquially said it can't hurt,
09:22 but it also
09:23 cannot really help in advancing the waste management practices on the island,
09:28 whereas we do not see any tangible value from those solutions that are marked
09:34 with a red color.
09:37 This is giving a very rough overview and for example
09:41 shows which technologies and solutions are in range.
09:44 In our
09:45 light blue bar,
09:47 for example,
09:48 sanitary landfill would be out of range,
09:51 commercial scale extrusion would also be out of range,
09:54 whereas artisanal recycling or microp pyrolysis
09:57 would generally
09:58 be
09:59 within range.
10:01 If we then
10:03 choose one technology or solution that is within range,
10:08 say
10:09 a bayer,
10:10 we can click on the respective technology or solution
10:13 and we come to a very detailed fact sheet
10:16 that gives
10:17 a very brief assessment in the beginning,
10:20 a little bit more detail in the second.
10:23 Row here,
10:24 2nd,
10:24 2nd column,
10:26 and then we come to a detailed assessment of the description,
10:30 uh,
10:30 description of the type of ways that this
10:34 solution or technology can process,
10:35 its capacity,
10:37 its costs,
10:38 it's
10:40 Output,
10:41 the requirements for operation,
10:43 the mode of operation,
10:44 environmental and social implications,
10:47 and the conclusion.
10:49 Also,
10:50 we use examples.
10:52 As I said in the beginning,
10:54 we base the assessment on Malaysia.
10:56 So these are examples that are usually available within Malaysia,
11:00 often procured locally,
11:02 but in general these principles on the left apply to all islands also
11:07 outside Malaysia.
11:10 If we,
11:10 we have again these buttons so we can go back to our matrix
11:15 and also click on a different solution or technology that might be in range,
11:20 I will
11:21 now click on controlled incineration,
11:23 and here we see the different,
11:25 the same scheme,
11:26 also description type of waste,
11:28 and so on.
11:29 And here we have
11:31 two examples given.
11:35 Maybe a solution that is
11:38 yellow colored would be ecobricks.
11:42 As a way of downcycling
11:44 and also here we see a very brief assessment
11:48 what it can be used for in this case rather for awareness building
11:52 than to actually contribute to effective waste management practices.
12:01 As you can see,
12:03 the
12:04 Technologies and solutions that are presented here,
12:07 there's a lot of detail given,
12:09 and we deem it quite a lot of text to read.
12:12 That is why we also wanted to give a
12:15 briefer assessment in the form of a synthesis sheet
12:19 which can be accessed by clicking on the synthesis button.
12:23 So here in the synthesis sheet,
12:25 I will make it smaller in order for you to see.
12:28 We also have the solutions that are in range,
12:31 um,
12:31 given the quantitative data marked by a blue frame.
12:35 Uh,
12:36 I will,
12:36 uh,
12:37 make a small amendment to the data for you to also see how this can change later on.
12:42 So all these technologies that are shown and that
12:45 are on the matrix are also shown here,
12:48 and the ones that are in range are marked by a
12:51 blue frame
12:52 and here the same assessment or let's say an abbreviated
12:57 version of the assessment that is given in the detailed sheets
12:59 is now in a very
13:01 easy to access and very
13:03 condensed manner
13:05 available.
13:08 The color code follows the same logic,
13:10 um.
13:12 The more green,
13:13 the more suitable concerning this point,
13:16 and the more red,
13:18 the less suitable,
13:19 and yellow
13:21 is somewhere in between.
13:25 Going back to the Matrix,
13:26 and as I said before,
13:28 uh,
13:31 Making a bit of an amendment in
13:33 the data,
13:34 for example,
13:35 changing the number of inhabitants to 1500,
13:39 maybe changing the
13:42 waste volume to a bit higher,
13:44 and maybe also
13:46 increasing the collection volume.
13:49 And maybe a bit lower
13:51 share of plastic
13:53 will
13:56 Result
13:59 will result in a different bar and a different set of solutions
14:04 that is
14:05 available.
14:06 So going back to the synthesis sheet,
14:08 I don't know if you still remember the one that was shown before,
14:11 but the blue bars have slightly changed.
14:14 And as an additional functionality also from here
14:18 by clicking on these buttons you can access
14:21 the more detailed descriptions.
14:30 Yeah.
14:31 I do believe we can come to an end.
14:34 There is a lot more functionality given,
14:36 a lot more information given
14:38 within this toolbox.
14:40 We do hope that it is helpful for you to assess
14:43 the solutions and technologies that are actually suitable for your island.
14:48 And as an additional aspect,
14:50 if you found a solution or technology that maybe has been offered to you
14:54 under a different name,
14:56 usually it should be included.
14:58 We designed the categories given,
15:01 for example,
15:02 technical incineration or artisanal recycling.
15:06 for them to be kind of umbrella categories that sometimes
15:11 include
15:11 other solutions.
15:12 I just want to give you one more example on that.
15:15 For example,
15:15 if we click on Artiana recycling,
15:17 we have the Schroder here,
15:19 which is a technology that is actually available in
15:23 Malaysia and of course sold as a Schroder.
15:26 It is nevertheless
15:27 Part it can be categorized as artisanal recycling process,
15:33 and the same goes for certain technology applications,
15:37 for example,
15:38 for
15:39 controlled incineration.
15:45 To come to the end
15:47 And
15:47 maybe also go to the very beginning
15:50 to our scheme,
15:52 what it does.
15:53 So we looked at the toolbox and how it uses different kinds of data
15:58 to then make recommendations.
15:59 We have the recommendations concerning waste management practices.
16:02 We have the recommendations concerning market access.
16:05 We have the assessment of plastic waste technology and solutions,
16:08 and all these
16:09 are
16:10 then taken up again in the conclusion sheet.
16:14 I will go to the conclusion sheet right now.
16:18 Which is this one,
16:20 if we wouldn't have put data in,
16:22 it would be
16:23 emptier.
16:25 By now we have
16:27 quite a bit of information,
16:29 and this
16:30 takes up
16:31 the findings that are also to be found throughout the toolbox.
16:35 It
16:35 gives
16:36 recommendations concerning the waste management practices,
16:40 concerning the market access.
16:41 And
16:43 the separation
16:44 and other technologies and solutions like handling and logistics,
16:48 material mechanical recycling,
16:51 chemical or feedstock recycling,
16:54 disposal,
16:55 landfill,
16:55 and incineration.
16:57 So this sheet is
16:59 not giving any new information,
17:00 but it allows to
17:03 Get everything at one glimpse and also is easily printable,
17:07 so if we would use the print function within Xel now,
17:10 we would have
17:13 a
17:13 printable file that can be put onto around 5 pages.
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