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Governance Data Sets and Indicators
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We also present the datasets and empirical tools in an excel spreadsheet format, according to the extent to which data is accessible to the public.

This file groups data in order of accessibility.


Dataset/
Unit(s)/
Developer(s)*

Main Content and Concept Measured/
Number of Indicators*

Data Source*

Number and Names of Countries or Areas Covered*

Period Covered/
Periodicity of Data Collection/ Coverage
*

Data Comparability (cross country)/
Comments
*

Aggregate Governance Indicators (KK) Dataset

World Bank Institute

D. Kaufmann,
A. Kraay,
M. Mastruzzi

Perception-based governance indicators developed by the World Bank Institute for all countries at an aggregate level and are used to create awareness and debate globally and within countries on their performance on six different dimensions of governance: control of corruption; rule of law; voice and accountability; government effectiveness; political stability; regulatory quality.

Official data & documents/ Surveys of enterprises, citizens and experts/ published and unpublished information from other international organizations.

209

Worldwide

1996-2004

Other

Country wide

Full comparability

209 countries and territories for five time periods: 1996, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2004. Updated every two years.

Bank Regulation and Supervision datasets

Financial Sector Operations & Policy

G. Caprio,
R. Levine,
J. Barth

Existing regulations and supervision of banks, as well as selective features of bank structure and deposit insurance schemes, for a broader cross-section of countries.

Official data/ surveys

107

Worldwide

1998-2000

Other

Sector specific

Full comparability

Link to "Regulation and Supervision of Banks Around the World - A New Database" paper (Access PDF).

Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey

(BEEPS I)

(BEEPS II)

World Bank Institute, Poverty Reduction & Economic Management

D. Kaufmann,
J. Anderson,
J. Hellman

Quality of governance, the investment climate and the competitive environment.

Firm surveys

BEEPS I: 22

BEEPS II: 27


Eastern Europe & Central Asia

1999

2002

Other

Country wide

Full comparability

BEEPS I: over 4,000 firms in 22 countries.

BEEPS II: over 6,000 firms in 27 countries. Jointly owned by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) and the World Bank.

Cross-national data on government and wages

Public Sector Group

A. Mukherjee,
G. de Tommaso

Provides information regarding employment levels and wage adequacy across countries.

Official data & documents/ key informant interviews/ surveys/ published information from other international organizations.

80-100

Worldwide

1991-2000

Other

Country wide

Full comparability

Doing Business Indicators

Private Sector Development

S. Djankov

Measures of business regulations and their enforcement by creating new, quantitative indicators on business regulations and their enforcement and by analyzing the relationship of these regulations to economic outcomes.

Surveys/ Key informant interviews/ published & unpublished information from other international organizations and national laws and regulations.

133

Worldwide

2003

Annual

Country wide

Full comparability

22 OECD economies as benchmarks, Eastern Europe and Central Asia: 25, Africa: 33, South Asia: 5, Latin America: 21, Middle East and North Africa: 14, and East Asia and the Pacific: 13.

Fiscal Decentralization Indicators

Public Sector Group

D. Weist

Measures decentralization by assessing fiscal flows to, from and among different levels of government.

Official data

100+

Worldwide

1972-2000

Annual

Full comparability

Data from IMF's Government Finance Statistics.

Investment Climate Assessment (ICA)

Private Sector Development

A. Peuker,
M. Safavian

Analyzes conditions for private investment and enterprise growth in countries throughout the world.

Firm surveys/ analysis with other expert analysis/ information drawn from other studies and from discussions and meetings with key stakeholder groups in-country.

36

Worldwide

2000-2003

Other

Sector/ firm specific

Full comparability

Breakdown by region: Africa: 8, Middle East & North Africa: 3, Latin America & Caribbean: 6, Eastern Europe & Central Asia: 6, East Asia & Pacific: 6, South Asia: 7. ICAs should be updated every 3 to 5 years. Data presented in ICA reports.

Knowledge Assessment Methodology (KAM)

World Bank Institute

A. Adhar Utz,
C. Dahlman

How an economy compares with its neighbors, competitors or countries it wishes to emulate.

Official data/ surveys

100

121

Worldwide

2002

2004

Other

Country wide

Full comparability

2002 KAM: 69 variables

2004 KAM: 76 variables

Living Standards Measurement Surveys

Development Research Group

P. Lanjouw

Monitoring progress in raising levels of living to identify the consequences for households of current and proposed government policies.

Official data & documents/ key informant interviews/ surveys.

30

Worldwide (developing countries)

1985-2002

Other

Country wide

Full comparability

Periodicity: between three to five years.
Breakdown of number of surveys by region- Latin America & Caribbean: 8, Eastern Europe & Central Asia: 11, South Asia: 3, East Asia & Pacific: 3, Africa: 4, Middle East & North Africa: 1.

New Tools and New Tests in Comparative Political Economy: The Database of Political Institutions (DPI)

Development Research Group

T. Beck,
G. Clarke,
P. Keefer,
A. Groff,
P. Walsh

Studies issues such as determinants of democratic consolidation, political conditions for economic reform, political and institutional roots of corruption, and elements of appropriate and institutionally sensitive design of economic policy. 113 variables.

Official data/ WB data

177

Worldwide

1975-1995

Other

Country wide

Full comparability

Variables: elections, electoral rules, type of political system, party composition of the opposition and government coalition, and the extent of military influence on the government.

Qualitative Decentralization Indicators

Public Sector Group

D. Weist

Measures decentralization based on four categories: "expenditure assignment, revenue assignment, regulatory framework for sub-national borrowing and character of the transfer system.

Official data

75

Worldwide

N/A

Full comparability

Data from IMF's Government Finance Statistics and country reports from the World Bank and other international organizations like OECD, Inter-American Development Bank and USAID.

Regulatory Discretion and the Unofficial Economy

Development Research Group

S. Johnson,
D. Kaufmann,
P. Zoido-Lobatón

How regulation and taxation affect the share of the unofficial economy.

 

49

Worldwide

1994–1997

Country wide

Full comparability

Countries from Latin America, OECD, Transition economies.

World Business Environment Survey (WBES)

World Bank Institute, Private Sector Development

D. Kaufmann,
A. Stone

Examines a wide range of interactions between firms and the state.

Firm surveys/ Key informant interviews

80

Worldwide

1999-2000

One time

Country wide

Full comparability

10,000 firms in 80 countries and one territory.

World Development Report 1997 Dataset: Enterprise Survey

Development Research Group

Constraints imposed by government action that hinder development of private business.

Firm surveys (interviews of private entrepreneurs).

67

Worldwide

1996-1997

One time

Country wide

Full comparability

Key:

Name of Dataset: name of dataset or publication in which the data is published.

Name of Unit: name of World Bank unit.

Name of Developer:persons whose names are reflected in documents and websites related to the tools. Hence they are not all necessarily the tool developers.

Main Content and Concept Measured: brief description of the content and objectives of the dataset or indicator.

Number of indicators: number of indicators, components or variables.

Number and Name of countries/areas covered: examples of countries where the tool has been used or where data was collected for the dataset. The list is not exhaustive and where available, links to these examples are listed.

Data Comparability (cross country):
Full comparability
Moderate comparabilty
No comparability

Data source:
Official data = statistics and reports from government sources
Firm survey/interview = surveys of firms and key informant interviews, etc.
Other = any publication from national and international development agencies, national tax laws and regulations, etc.

Period covered: The year(s) during which the data was assembled or diagnostis carried out.

Periodicity: Number of times the diagnostics are carried out with a period of time
One time,
Annual,
Other = intervals of more or less than one year.

Comment: any other information relating to the data set.

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