Việt Nam

Preventable diseases resulting from poor hygiene behavior are responsible for a tremendous disease burden among the world's poor, especially infants and children un... Hiển thị nhiều hơn + der five. Washing hands with soap has been shown to reduce diarrhea in young children by as much as 48 percent, and is frequently referred to as among the most effective and inexpensive ways to avert child deaths. Handwashing campaigns employing a range of methods are common in developing countries, but little is known about the effectiveness of these campaigns in getting people to wash their hands with soap. The improvements in handwashing behavior reported by caregivers were not sufficient to result in impacts on child health or reductions in time spent caring for sick children. Television ads and face-to-face communication spread handwashing with soap campaign messages to mothers and caregivers. The handwashing campaign messages were delivered through two main channels. These included television ads at the regional and national level that ran for a year starting in January 2010, and interpersonal communication. Hiển thị ít hơn -

Cities currently account for about two-thirds of the world's annual energy consumption and about 70 percent of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In the coming dec... Hiển thị nhiều hơn + ades, urbanization and income growth in developing countries are expected to push cities' energy consumption and GHG emissions shares even higher, particularly where the vast majority of people remain underserved by basic infrastructure services and where city authorities are under-resourced to shift current trajectories. SUEEP is a comprehensive framework and a step-by step guideline to help a city to develop its own energy and emissions plan. The SUEEP framework is targeted at mayors and municipal planning agencies in the EAP region, but it is also relevant for government involved with utility services delivery, transportation, economic development, housing, environmental management, government facilities management, government procurement, financial planning, risk assessment and public health. The rapid population increase and rising standard of living in the three SUEEP pilot cities are driving a considerable increase in energy consumption. In terms of their population size, Surabaya is the largest city with 2.8 million in 2010, and Da Nang being 0.9 million and Cebu 0.8 million. Da Nang is currently experiencing 11.7 percent yearly rises in energy consumption, which will lead to a doubling of energy demand in 6 years time. The increases in Surabaya and Cebu's annual energy use are 4.9 percent and 4.3 percent respectively, still notably high. Transportation is a key driver of energy demand. This sector as well as the building sector presents the largest opportunities for scaling-up energy efficiency at the city level particularly in Da Nang given the city authorities' high degree of control or influence over these two sectors. Hiển thị ít hơn -