Moçambique

The key findings and recommendations presented in this report cover 4 main areas: financial inclusion, financial capability, relationship between financial inclusio... Mostrar mais + n and capability, and financial consumer protection. The remaining chapters are structured as follows. Chapter one explores the financial inclusion landscape in Mozambique. Chapter two gives an overview of Mozambicans' levels of financial capability, in particular about their financial knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. The relationship between financial capability and inclusion is discussed in chapter three. The last chapter investigates if the products which financially included individuals use are effectively meeting their needs. Mostrar menos -

The objective of Cities and Climate Changes Project of Mozambique is to strengthen the capacity of the municipal system and selected cities in a sustainable way to ... Mostrar mais + respond to climate impacts. It will improve the ability to implement an improved municipal management and specific plans aimed at reducing vulnerability to the impacts of climatic conditions. It thereby seeks to consolidate local attitudes and practices that ensure sustainable development and contribute to socio-economic growth that can provide residents confidence in the future, by developing action plans to respond effectively to natural disasters. Project actions may affect property and customary or private land use rights, and therefore there will be a need to compensate affected families. The precise location, nature and extent of the losses are not yet known and have only been estimated through the analysis of technical parameters adopted by the general feasibility studies of the proposed investments, satellite images and photographs of the proposed alignments of the channels and visits to key sites. Losses may be total or partial. This Resettlement Plan includes the impacts of displacement caused by the proposed works for the rehabilitation of drainage systems in order to control flooding and erosion affecting almost all the territories of the cities selected. The construction and operation of these components could affect residents and other land users in these areas. The number of structures that will be affected is not yet determined. It is realistic to expect that the solutions proposed by the engineering projects will affect a small number of buildings. The actions of the Project may affect property and land use rights to customary or private, and therefore will need to compensate the affected families. The precise location, nature and extent of losses, are still unknown and has only been estimated through the analysis of technical parameters adopted by the general feasibility studies of proposed investments, satellite images and photographs of the proposed alignments of the graves and visit to key locations. Mostrar menos -

The development objective of the Conservation Areas for Biodiversity and Development Project for Mozambique is to increase the effective management of conservation ... Mostrar mais + areas and enhance the living conditions of communities in and around these areas. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) avoiding areas of soil, slope, or geological instability; (2) avoiding special protected zones and sanctuaries or sensitive habitats as wetlands, mangroves, riparian vegetation, and dense forests; (3) avoiding areas with known wildlife movement routes or areas with high wildlife use; (4) considering measures in the projects’ design to ensure that communities are not divided and if they are as a result of a project, appropriate measures are taken to mitigate this impact; (5) engaging local leaders and local community in the project planning; (6) minimizing use of heavy machinery, as its tracks can create erosion; (7) installing waste disposal receptacles and signs in strategic places within the construction site and camp. Providing training and awareness to the workers on need to avoid littering; and (8) maintaining all vehicles and equipment regularly to prevent excessive emissions and noise. Using silencers and noise control devices where required. Mostrar menos -

The Project Development Objective of the Additional Financing for the Coastal Cities and Climate Change PPCR Project of Mozambique is to strengthen municipal capaci... Mostrar mais + ty to sustainably provide urban infrastructure that reduces the risks of climate related impacts. The Additional Financing does not change the PDO. The Additional Financing will finance climate resilient planning and improved management of green infrastructure to increase resilience of Beira to control floods and address future climate change. Both the original project and the additional financing are expected to be positive for all the inhabitants of Beira and especially in low income neighborhoods where recurrent flooding is a serious health and safety issue, while also triggering loses of limited assets. Negative impacts, however, may arise during cleaning and improvements of man-made or natural drainage ways. Mostrar menos -

The development objective of the Integrated Growth Poles Project for Mozambique is to improve the performance of enterprises and smallholder farms in Tete and Nampu... Mostrar mais + la. Negative impacts include: accidental discharge of on-site wastewater, hydrocarbons and chemicals can adversely affect groundwater and soil in the area, soil erosion, air emissions, noise pollution, solid and liquid wastes, water pollution, flora and fauna, and health and safety. Mitigation measures includes: 1) proper storage of hydrocarbons and dangerous chemicals on site and the installation of natural, concrete or synthetic liners beneath oil and chemical storage tanks and the placement of these structures within a bunded impermeable concrete structure of 110 percent the volume of the largest tank; 2) adequate disposal of obsolete pesticides; 3) observance of recommendations for the use of fertilizers and pesticides bio control; 4) covering the road surface with a new material of lower silt content, such as covering a dirt road with gravel or slag has also proved to be efficient; 5) ensuring adequate maintenance and repair of construction machinery and vehicles; 6) avoiding burning of material resulting from site clearance; 7) proper water spraying when necessary; 8) shutting down or throttling down to a minimum equipment that may be intermittent in use, between work periods; 9) enclosing the site with barriers/fencing; 10) operating only well-maintained mechanical equipment on-site; 11) care should be taken to ensure the absence of contaminated fill material and the adequacy of the physical and chemical properties of such material to limit potential adverse impacts on water and soil and ensure project safety; 12) channels, earth bunds or sand bag barriers should be provided onsite to properly direct storm water to silt removal facilities before discharge into the surrounding waters; 13) carefully select right-of ways/corridors of impact to avoid important natural areas such as wild lands and sensitive habitats; and 14) installation of warning signs at the entrance of the site to prohibit public access, and provision of appropriate personal protective equipment. Mostrar menos -

The development objective of the Greater Maputo Water Supply Expansion Project for Mozambique is to increase the production and treatment capacity of water in order... Mostrar mais + to meet the demand for water of the residents in the Greater Maputo Area. Negative impacts include: maintenance of equipment and storage, fuels, oils, hazardous substances and other liquid pollutants, solid waste management, sanitation, soil erosion, air emissions, noise control, traffic control, and dust control. Mitigation measures include: all maintenance of equipment and vehicles on site shall be performed in the workshop. The contractor shall ensure that there is no contamination of the soil, vegetation or surface water in his workshop and other plant or emergency maintenance facilities. Any water that collects in the bunded area shall not be allowed to stand and shall be removed within one day. Areas for the storage of fuel and other flammable materials shall comply with standard fire safety regulations. Adequate washing and toilet facilities are to be provided close to the works. Toilet paper shall be provided. The contractor shall also prevent runoff loaded with sediment and other suspended materials from the site/working areas from discharging to adjacent watercourses and/or water bodies. The contractor shall take reasonable measures to control storm water and the erosive effects thereof. The contractor will be required to ensure that all vehicles and plant used are maintained in good working order to help reduce air emissions. The contractor shall keep noise level within acceptable limits and construction activities shall, where possible, be confined to normal working hours. The contractor shall comply with all government regulations. The use of all plant and machinery shall be appropriate to the task required in order to reduce noise levels and/or environmental damage. Appropriate traffic warning signs shall be erected and maintained. Dust is regarded as a nuisance when it reduces visibility; a soil private property is aesthetically is pleasing or affects palatability of grazing. Dust generated by construction related activities must be minimized. Where possible, soil stockpiles shall be sheltered from the wind. Mostrar menos -

The project development objective (PDO) of the Mozambique Greater Maputo Water Supply Expansion Project is to increase the production and treatment capacity of wate... Mostrar mais + r in order to meet the demand for water of the residents in the Greater Maputo Area. Involuntary resettlement and adverse effects on people's livelihoods due to the taking of land can be avoided by minor shifts in location of project facilities. The project component with significant implications in terms of resettlement is 94 km from the manifold location Dam Corumana to the Distribution Centre Machava. During the pre-feasibility stage of project development, other sources of water were considered to be used in large quantities, in particular the possibility of building a dam at the confluence of the Sabie and Incomati Rivers, downstream of the dam Corumana . A number of implications in terms of environmental and social costs led this alternative to be abandoned in favor of Corumana Dam. To minimize resettlement, 3.2 meters was considered to be the minimum distance required in urban areas and 15-12 meters in the most rural areas to install components of the project, especially with regard to water transport from the Corumana Dam to ETA Sabie and another transport of treated water from the ETA Sabie to Machava component, which was identified as being directly connected with possible interference with people, different entities and its assets. minimum distances, would have implied the need to obtain more land and, consequently, more people were affected than they were in the Corridor. An effort was also made to install the manifold parallel to the existing infrastructure in an attempt to minimize resettlement. Due to serious problems of interference, the contribution of this option revealed that it had its own limitations. Mostrar menos -

The social safety net project will assist the Government in scaling up the Productive Social Action Program while developing the instruments for and consolidating t... Mostrar mais + he institutional and implementation arrangements of the National Basic Social Security Strategy (ENSSB). The Productive Social Action Program is expected to provide households affected by the lean season or other shocks with (i) timely and predictable transfers through the participation of labour intensive public works; and (ii) complementary activities to take full advantage of the cash transfers through technical assistance, financial literacy, savings promotion and link to income generating activities, micro-lending and productive opportunities. The main governing principles for the RPF are: Displacements, either economic or physical, must be avoided or minimized. The pre-existing conditions must be re-established. Economic compensations and social assistance must be used when necessary. All affected people have right to receiving a just compensation or assistance. All affected people must be consulted and participate on the development of resettlement action plans. Information on the process must be transparent and disseminated to ensure informed decision-making. Social and Environmental Focal Point will ensure adequate monitoring of RP implementation performance. Milestones may include: Public meetings held; Census, assets inventories, assessments, and socioeconomic studies completed; Grievance redress procedures in place and functioning; Compensation/financial assistance payments disbursed; Relocation of people completed; Income restoration and development activities initiated; Monitoring and evaluation reports submitted. Mostrar menos -

The Mozambique Health Services Development Project includes an indoor residual spraying (IRS) program is associated with the U.S. President's Malaria Initiative (PM... Mostrar mais + I) in Africa, launched in 2005, which seeks to reduce malaria mortality by 50 percent in up to 15 countries by 2010. The primary environmental risks of the IRS program include mortality of freshwater fish and invertebrates from improper disposal of insecticide-contaminated rinse-water, damage to apiaries due to use of carbamates or pyrethroids, mortality of birds (particularly chickens) due to use of carbamates, as well as environmental contamination from leakage of insecticide into the agricultural sector; this latter concern is particularly relevant to DDT, which is banned in Mozambique's agricultural sector through the Stockholm Convention. Training and improved supervision of spray personnel should help address this risk, and environmental monitoring should be carried out to ensure that the insecticides (particularly DDT) used in IRS does not deleteriously impact the environment. The methods of application are detailed in this report. Mostrar menos -

The development objective of the Climate Change Technical Assistance Project is to strengthen the institutional and technical capacity of the Government of Mozambiq... Mostrar mais + ue to mainstream climate change resilience into key economic sectors and to improve the evidence-base for future development policy and planning. The World Bank will support the preparation of a Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) of the policy and institutional reform proposed for support from the Development Policy Operation (DPO). The SEA will be prepared in accordance with operational policy 8.60 (OP 8.60) which requires that in cases where country policies are supported by development policy loans, and where these may have significant effects on environment, the Bank should assess the borrower's systems for reducing such adverse effects and enhancing positive effects. The SEA will inform the 'umbrella' Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment (SESA) outlined above and that will focus on the impacts of the transformational pilot projects. Mostrar menos -