This report analyzes the dynamics of
violent crime in Brazil. What factors are driving the
overall crime decline in Brazil? Why is violent crime
declining in some s... Mostrar mais +
tates while it is increasing in others?
What types of interventions could help to reduce youth
violence? These are the questions that motivate this report.
Understanding what has gone right to bring crime down during
the past 10 years is crucial to tackling the challenges
posed by the new decade. The purpose of this report is to
enhance that understanding. To do so, we examine the
determinants of the crime shift at the national level,
review the experience of the high-performing states, and
generate new evidence on the impact of education policies on
youth violence prevention. This report is organized in four
chapters. Chapter one sets the stage for the issues covered
in the report. Chapter two estimates the correlation of the
change in crime in Brazil and across regions and states.
Chapter three reviews the evidence on the policies
implemented to reduce crime and violence in Sao Paulo, Minas
Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro. Chapter four presents findings
on the impact of school enrollment on youth crime and
violence prevention. The last section summarizes key lessons. Mostrar menos -
Tipo:
Outro estudo urbano
Relatorio#: 70764
Data: 1 de janeiro de 2013
The rains of June 2010 significantly
affected the state of Alagoas, generating economic and
social impacts to the affected communities. About 270,000
people were af... Mostrar mais +
fected, of which 44,000 were left displaced
and more than 28,000 homeless. The death toll reached 36
people, while 1,131 were injured. A large proportion of the
estimated cost was direct damage, which amounted to R$ 1.58
billion. Overall, the housing, transportation and education
sectors were the most severely impacted. As for indirect
impacts or losses (indirect impacts), the housing sector
accounts for a large proportion (57%), given that impacts on
that sector are implied in public spending on temporary
housing, losses in real estate and rental resettlement
needs. Finally, the cost of the rains in the State indicates
significant economic impacts in relation to the economy of
the State. It is estimated that the total cost is
approximately 3 times the volume of investments made in the
year of 2009. Mostrar menos -
Tipo:
Documento de Trabalho
Relatorio#: 73621
Data: 1 de novembro de 2012
Autor:
Moura, Fernanda Senra de ;
Toro, Joaquin ;
Pedroso, Frederico Ferreira
For many years, Rio de Janeiro has held
the dubious distinction of being one of the worlds most
beautiful cities, and at the same time, one of the most
dangerous. ... Mostrar mais +
This report is the story of Rios attempt to
break with history and establish a new kind of state
presence in its favelas. This report documents how life in
the favelas is changing as a result of the Police
Pacification Unit (UPP) pacification effort, as seen through
the eyes of favela residents themselves. This study used a
qualitative, case-study approach and consisted of
observations, focus groups, and key informant interviews in
four favelas. The study fits into the broader territorial
approach to urban and social development that the World Bank
has been supporting in both the state and city of Rio de
Janeiro, and for which the historical alliance between
federal, state and municipal governments in Rio has been
crucial. These projects have focused on strengthening
planning and management of urban growth in the metropolitan
region, promoting the provision of affordable housing with
access to infrastructure and service, and supporting the
implementation of a targeted, comprehensive social
development program for the urban poor. Under the social
development agenda, the Bank has been providing support to
Social UPP since its design stage, in 2010, through
technical assistance services to strengthen social
governance and territorially-based monitoring and evaluation. Mostrar menos -
Tipo:
Análise social
Relatorio#: 76011
Data: 1 de outubro de 2012
GEF council, the Evaluation Office
conducts Country Portfolio Evaluations (CPEs) every year.
CPEs aim to provide the GEF council and the national
governments with a... Mostrar mais +
n assessment of results and performance of
GEF supported activities at the country level, and of how
GEF supported activities fit into the national strategies
and priorities as well as within the global environmental
mandate of the GEF. Based on the overall purpose of the GEF
CPEs and their standard Terms of Reference (TORs), the
evaluation of GEF support to Brazil had the following
specific objectives: (i) independently evaluate the
relevance and efficiency of GEF support in the country from
several points of view: national environmental frameworks
and decision-making processes, the GEF mandate and
achievement of global environmental benefits, and GEF
policies and procedures; (ii) assess the effectiveness and
results of completed and ongoing projects in each relevant
focal area;(iii) provide feedback and knowledge sharing to
(a) the GEF Council in its decision-making process to
allocate resources and develop policies and strategies, (b)
the country on its participation in the GEF, and (c) the
different agencies and organizations involved in the
preparation and implementation of GEF support. Mostrar menos -
Tipo:
Documento de Trabalho
Relatorio#: 76395
Data: 1 de setembro de 2012
GEF council, the Evaluation Office
conducts Country Portfolio Evaluations (CPEs) every year.
CPEs aim to provide the GEF council and the national
governments with a... Mostrar mais +
n assessment of results and performance of
GEF supported activities at the country level, and of how
GEF supported activities fit into the national strategies
and priorities as well as within the global environmental
mandate of the GEF. Based on the overall purpose of the GEF
CPEs and their standard Terms of Reference (TORs), the
evaluation of GEF support to Brazil had the following
specific objectives: (i) independently evaluate the
relevance and efficiency of GEF support in the country from
several points of view: national environmental frameworks
and decision-making processes, the GEF mandate and
achievement of global environmental benefits, and GEF
policies and procedures; (ii) assess the effectiveness and
results of completed and ongoing projects in each relevant
focal area;(iii) provide feedback and knowledge sharing to
(a) the GEF Council in its decision-making process to
allocate resources and develop policies and strategies, (b)
the country on its participation in the GEF, and (c) the
different agencies and organizations involved in the
preparation and implementation of GEF support. Mostrar menos -
Tipo:
Documento de Trabalho
Relatorio#: 76395
Data: 1 de setembro de 2012
In June 2010, Brazil faced the worst
rainy season in recent years. Between June 17 and 18, a
wave from the east reached the State and, in 24 hours,
produced 70 per... Mostrar mais +
cent of the rain expected for the entire
month. The heavy rain in the headwaters of the rivers caused
violent storms along the banks of the rivers Una and
Jaboatão and strength of the waters destroyed entire cities
such as the municipalities of Palmares and Barreiros.
Sixty-seven municipalities were affected, among which twelve
have declare a state of calamity and 30 entered a state of
emergency. Despite the magnitude of the disaster, the rapid
action of the State mitigated human casualties. Twenty
deaths were recorded as a consequence of the event.
Estimated damage and losses, however, were significant: R$
3.4 billion, concentrated mainly in the social sector. In
the housing sector alone, with more than 16 thousand houses
destroyed, losses and damages were estimated at R$ 2
billion, which represents 62 percent of the total cost of
the disaster. The areas of education and health have
suffered damages of R$ 286.5 million and R$ 145.5 million,
respectively. In the housing sector, in addition to damages,
losses are also high due to the necessary measures to reduce
vulnerability, such as the construction of dams and
relocation. It is important to note that although most of
the impact is in the private sector, the State assumes a
relevant portion of the costs of reconstruction of
affordable housing and provides rental assistance for
affected families. In financial terms, the impact on the
public sector tends to be higher than that of the private
sector. In other sectors, the damages were significantly
lower. In the infrastructure sector, damages reached R$ 428
million, a figure that reflects mainly the damage to
regional highways and back roads. In sanitation, an impact
of R$ 36 million is estimated. Detailed information was not
available for the energy infrastructure, but preliminary
data suggest an impact of at least R$ 2 million. In the
economic sectors (industry, agriculture, Commerce and
services), the damages were estimated at R$ 424 million. In
agriculture, the damage came to R$ 64 million. In trade, the
direct and indirect impacts, totaled R$ 326 million and
correspond mainly to micro and small enterprises in the
municipalities where the the destruction was greatest. Mostrar menos -
Tipo:
Documento de Trabalho
Relatorio#: 73622
Data: 1 de agosto de 2012
Autor:
Senra, Fernanda ;
Toro, Joaquin
In June 2010, Brazil faced the worst
rainy season in recent years. Between June 17 and 18, a
wave from the east reached the State and, in 24 hours,
produced 70 per... Mostrar mais +
cent of the rain expected for the entire
month. The heavy rain in the headwaters of the rivers caused
violent storms along the banks of the rivers Una and
Jaboatão and strength of the waters destroyed entire cities
such as the municipalities of Palmares and Barreiros.
Sixty-seven municipalities were affected, among which twelve
have declare a state of calamity and 30 entered a state of
emergency. Despite the magnitude of the disaster, the rapid
action of the State mitigated human casualties. Twenty
deaths were recorded as a consequence of the event.
Estimated damage and losses, however, were significant: R$
3.4 billion, concentrated mainly in the social sector. In
the housing sector alone, with more than 16 thousand houses
destroyed, losses and damages were estimated at R$ 2
billion, which represents 62 percent of the total cost of
the disaster. The areas of education and health have
suffered damages of R$ 286.5 million and R$ 145.5 million,
respectively. In the housing sector, in addition to damages,
losses are also high due to the necessary measures to reduce
vulnerability, such as the construction of dams and
relocation. It is important to note that although most of
the impact is in the private sector, the State assumes a
relevant portion of the costs of reconstruction of
affordable housing and provides rental assistance for
affected families. In financial terms, the impact on the
public sector tends to be higher than that of the private
sector. In other sectors, the damages were significantly
lower. In the infrastructure sector, damages reached R$ 428
million, a figure that reflects mainly the damage to
regional highways and back roads. In sanitation, an impact
of R$ 36 million is estimated. Detailed information was not
available for the energy infrastructure, but preliminary
data suggest an impact of at least R$ 2 million. In the
economic sectors (industry, agriculture, Commerce and
services), the damages were estimated at R$ 424 million. In
agriculture, the damage came to R$ 64 million. In trade, the
direct and indirect impacts, totaled R$ 326 million and
correspond mainly to micro and small enterprises in the
municipalities where the the destruction was greatest. Mostrar menos -
Tipo:
Documento de Trabalho
Relatorio#: 73622
Data: 1 de agosto de 2012
Autor:
Senra, Fernanda ;
Toro, Joaquin
The present study focuses on gender
while analyzing the effects of the Rural Poverty Reduction
Project (RPRP) on the use of time and income generation as
well as on... Mostrar mais +
cultural and social capital aspects. The study
was based on a pilot project in Rio Grande do Norte designed
to reinforce actions of the RPRP's focus on gender. The
study should be viewed only as an exploratory evaluation
that can be indicative of project effects, since the sample
used was small and the time span between the
subproject's implementation and the collection of
impact data was short (only one year). However, other
measures in the methodology guarantee a satisfactory minimum
level of rigorousness in the evaluation, such as the
comparison to a control group taken from a pipeline
population of potential beneficiaries and a before-and-after
approach to the analysis. The integration of gender concerns
into World Bank poverty-reducing programs has been
implemented by promoting inclusive development, ensuring
that both women and men have a voice in the development of
their community and benefit from new development
opportunities. Part of this strategy is to advance
women's economic empowerment by enhancing their ability
to participate in land, labor, financial, and product
markets. The current study was conducted simultaneously with
the pilot project in order to document its results and, when
possible, draw lessons that could be helpful in new
operations. The study estimates, on a preliminary basis, how
community investments that save women's time in
household activities by themselves or combined with
investments in production create the enabling environment
for women's economic empowerment and, eventually, help
reduce poverty. Mostrar menos -
Tipo:
Documento de Trabalho
Relatorio#: 71854
Data: 1 de dezembro de 2011
Autor:
Romano, Claudia ;
Barbosa, Tulio ;
Costa, Alberto ;
Amazonas, Fatima
This report draws deeply on the
extraordinary efforts and innovations demonstrated by early
child development policy makers around Brazil. This report
draws on back... Mostrar mais +
ground papers about innovations in early child
education in Rio de Janeiro and in caregiver training and
supervision in two municipalities within Sao Paulo state.
The year 2011 marked the beginning of a new administration
in Brazil. The Ministry of education clearly identified
early child education (ECE) as one of the top priorities of
the new administration, along with secondary school and
improving the reputation of the teaching profession. Early
child development interventions are essential to both
increasing the productivity of Brazil as a whole and to
providing equitable opportunities for the disadvantaged.
These programs benefit the poor more than other populations,
and the poor are most in need of these benefits. Education
interventions are crucial. Creches and preschools provide
opportunities for stimulation and development that can wire
children for future success. Therefore, early child
education can particularly benefit the poor, helping to
close the gap in cognitive development across income groups.
A World Bank study compares adults from two regions of
Brazil (the Northeast and the Southeast) who attended
preschool to those who did not and found that pre-school
attendance is associated with additional total years of education. Mostrar menos -
Tipo:
Publicação
Relatorio#: 69307
Data: 15 de junho de 2011
Autor:
Evans, K. David ;
Kosec, Katrina
Brazil and the Consultative Group on
International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) have built a
strong and fruitful partnership over the last three decades,
resting o... Mostrar mais +
n a solid platform of cooperation and commitment to
mobilizing science for development. Brazil formally joined
the CGIAR in 1984 but had begun working with the
international agricultural research centers supported by the
group in the early 1970s. This mainly involved training for
Brazilian researchers, their participation in CGIAR meetings
and exchange and testing of crop germplasm. Over the years
Brazil has come to be a key partner of the CGIAR,
collaborating with many of the CGIAR centers, influencing
its policies and directions and projecting the
country's own scientific strengths internationally. The
CGIAR is a strategic alliance of countries, international
and regional organizations, and private foundations
supporting 15 international agricultural research Centers
that work with national agricultural research systems, civil
society organizations and the private sector. The alliance
mobilizes agricultural science to reduce poverty, foster
human well-being, promote agricultural growth, and protect
the environment. The CGIAR generates global public goods
that are available to all. A snapshot of the Brazil-CGIAR
partnership in 2006 shows two Brazilian nationals serving as
members of the boards of trustees of two of the CGIAR centers. Mostrar menos -
Tipo:
Documento de Trabalho
Relatorio#: 64248
Data: 1 de janeiro de 2011
Autor:
Muncie, Peter C ;
Winterbottom, Goddard W. ;
Adler, John H. ;
Gilmore, Yolanda P. ;
Trask, Liz ;
Brown, Joan T.
The events of 11 and 12 January 2011 in
the state of Rio de Janeiro shaped what would be the worst
disaster in Brazilian history. Torrential rain in seven
municipal... Mostrar mais +
ities in the mountainous region of the State led to
the deaths of more than 900 people and affected more than
300 000 people. Much of the impact was caused by landslides
due to the large volume of rainfall recorded in the region.
For example, the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET)
recorded 166 mm of rain for the city of Nova Friburgo,
representing over 70 percent of the historical average for
the month of January. Among the affected municipalities,
Areal, Bom Jardim, Nova Friburgo, Sao Jose do Vale do Rio
Preto, Sumidouro, Petropolis and Teresopolis decreed a state
of emergency. The impacts of the disaster in the mountainous
region were not limited to damages, but also constituted a
milestone in political and disaster risk management. With
respect to damages, World Bank estimates suggest the total
cost to be R$ 4.78 billion. Social sectors had the most
sustained damage, with a total cost estimated at R$ 2.69
billion. With losses (direct impact) greater than the
damages (indirect impact), the housing sector, with losses
of almost R$ 2 billion because of the high costs of
containment work slopes, budgeted at about R$ 1.3 billion.
In the Water and Sanitation sector, the cost of repair or
reconstruction of canals and drainage systems represents
approximately 89 percent of total costs (or $$ 410 million).
Finally, the productive trade sector was the second most
impacted sector, with total costs estimated at R$ 469 million. Mostrar menos -
Tipo:
Documento de Trabalho
Relatorio#: 73623
Data: 1 de janeiro de 2011
Autor:
de Moura, Fernanda Senra ;
Toro, Joaquin ;
Pedroso, Frederico Ferreira ;
Marques, Felissa
The worldwide carbon market is a
reality. It has contributed to the implementation of
projects that aim to reduce Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions
in many different s... Mostrar mais +
ectors and it has turned GHGs,
represented by carbon, into economic assets that are no
longer mere environmental liabilities. In this context,
Brazil currently ranks third in the world in terms of the
number of projects on the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).
Brazil pioneered the development of the first large scale
methodology and registration for the first project in the
history of the CDM. Despite Brazil's significant
qualitative and quantitative participation in such projects,
there is still great potential for the development of other
types of CDM project activities. Given the new methodologies
for CDM projects approved over the last few years and the
programmatic CDM, which intends to reduce bureaucracy and
accelerate the registration process for closely related
projects, there exists an even greater potential for CDM
projects in several sectors in Brazil. The main objective of
this study was to identify the existing technical potential
for low carbon projects as described above as well as to
stimulate the implementation of low carbon projects in
Brazil, thus contributing towards reducing and avoiding
Brazil's current and projected emissions and inserting
Brazil into the new low carbon economy. Generally speaking,
the study focused on sectors where there is still a
potential for the application of conventional techniques or
technologies to reduce or avoid GHG emissions. Mostrar menos -
Tipo:
Esquema da Infraestrutura do País
Relatorio#: 69580
Data: 1 de novembro de 2010
The worldwide carbon market is a
reality. It has contributed to the implementation of
projects that aim to reduce Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions
in many different s... Mostrar mais +
ectors and it has turned GHGs,
represented by carbon, into economic assets that are no
longer mere environmental liabilities. In this context,
Brazil currently ranks third in the world in terms of the
number of projects on the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).
Brazil pioneered the development of the first large scale
methodology and registration for the first project in the
history of the CDM. Despite Brazil's significant
qualitative and quantitative participation in such projects,
there is still great potential for the development of other
types of CDM project activities. Given the new methodologies
for CDM projects approved over the last few years and the
programmatic CDM, which intends to reduce bureaucracy and
accelerate the registration process for closely related
projects, there exists an even greater potential for CDM
projects in several sectors in Brazil. The main objective of
this study was to identify the existing technical potential
for low carbon projects as described above as well as to
stimulate the implementation of low carbon projects in
Brazil, thus contributing towards reducing and avoiding
Brazil's current and projected emissions and inserting
Brazil into the new low carbon economy. Generally speaking,
the study focused on sectors where there is still a
potential for the application of conventional techniques or
technologies to reduce or avoid GHG emissions. Mostrar menos -
Tipo:
Esquema da Infraestrutura do País
Relatorio#: 69580
Data: 1 de novembro de 2010
The worldwide carbon market is a
reality. It has contributed to the implementation of
projects that aim to reduce Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions
in many different s... Mostrar mais +
ectors and it has turned GHGs,
represented by carbon, into economic assets that are no
longer mere environmental liabilities. In this context,
Brazil currently ranks third in the world in terms of the
number of projects on the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).
Brazil pioneered the development of the first large scale
methodology and registration for the first project in the
history of the CDM. Despite Brazil's significant
qualitative and quantitative participation in such projects,
there is still great potential for the development of other
types of CDM project activities. Given the new methodologies
for CDM projects approved over the last few years and the
programmatic CDM, which intends to reduce bureaucracy and
accelerate the registration process for closely related
projects, there exists an even greater potential for CDM
projects in several sectors in Brazil. The main objective of
this study was to identify the existing technical potential
for low carbon projects as described above as well as to
stimulate the implementation of low carbon projects in
Brazil, thus contributing towards reducing and avoiding
Brazil's current and projected emissions and inserting
Brazil into the new low carbon economy. Generally speaking,
the study focused on sectors where there is still a
potential for the application of conventional techniques or
technologies to reduce or avoid GHG emissions. Mostrar menos -
Tipo:
Esquema da Infraestrutura do País
Relatorio#: 69580
Data: 1 de novembro de 2010
The worldwide carbon market is a
reality. It has contributed to the implementation of
projects that aim to reduce Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions
in many different s... Mostrar mais +
ectors and it has turned GHGs,
represented by carbon, into economic assets that are no
longer mere environmental liabilities. In this context,
Brazil currently ranks third in the world in terms of the
number of projects on the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).
Brazil pioneered the development of the first large scale
methodology and registration for the first project in the
history of the CDM. Despite Brazil's significant
qualitative and quantitative participation in such projects,
there is still great potential for the development of other
types of CDM project activities. Given the new methodologies
for CDM projects approved over the last few years and the
programmatic CDM, which intends to reduce bureaucracy and
accelerate the registration process for closely related
projects, there exists an even greater potential for CDM
projects in several sectors in Brazil. The main objective of
this study was to identify the existing technical potential
for low carbon projects as described above as well as to
stimulate the implementation of low carbon projects in
Brazil, thus contributing towards reducing and avoiding
Brazil's current and projected emissions and inserting
Brazil into the new low carbon economy. Generally speaking,
the study focused on sectors where there is still a
potential for the application of conventional techniques or
technologies to reduce or avoid GHG emissions. Mostrar menos -
Tipo:
Esquema da Infraestrutura do País
Relatorio#: 69580
Data: 1 de novembro de 2010
The worldwide carbon market is a
reality. It has contributed to the implementation of
projects that aim to reduce Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions
in many different s... Mostrar mais +
ectors and it has turned GHGs,
represented by carbon, into economic assets that are no
longer mere environmental liabilities. In this context,
Brazil currently ranks third in the world in terms of the
number of projects on the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).
Brazil pioneered the development of the first large scale
methodology and registration for the first project in the
history of the CDM. Despite Brazil's significant
qualitative and quantitative participation in such projects,
there is still great potential for the development of other
types of CDM project activities. Given the new methodologies
for CDM projects approved over the last few years and the
programmatic CDM, which intends to reduce bureaucracy and
accelerate the registration process for closely related
projects, there exists an even greater potential for CDM
projects in several sectors in Brazil. The main objective of
this study was to identify the existing technical potential
for low carbon projects as described above as well as to
stimulate the implementation of low carbon projects in
Brazil, thus contributing towards reducing and avoiding
Brazil's current and projected emissions and inserting
Brazil into the new low carbon economy. Generally speaking,
the study focused on sectors where there is still a
potential for the application of conventional techniques or
technologies to reduce or avoid GHG emissions. Mostrar menos -
Tipo:
Esquema da Infraestrutura do País
Relatorio#: 69580
Data: 1 de novembro de 2010
Water is an essential part of supporting
sustainable economic growth within a more equitable and
inclusive society. Possessing about 14 percent of the
world's water... Mostrar mais +
, Brazil is rich in water resources, but
70 percent is in the Amazon River and only 1.6 percent in
the State of Sao Paulo, where 25 percent of the population
resides and 33 percent of the country's gross domestic
product (GDP) is generated. The Bank has recently approved
the innovative Sao Paulo Water Recovery Project (REAGUA)
which adopts output-based financing to tackle water
scarcity. This is the first Bank-financed project in the
water supply and sanitation (WSS) sector to implement
comprehensive results based scheme. Its objective is to
increase clean water availability in São Paulo but its
lessons could be applied worldwide. Mostrar menos -
Tipo:
Sessão informativa
Relatorio#: 56688
Data: 1 de agosto de 2010
Autor:
Tierney, Julia ;
Velez, Carlos E.
This document consists of seven chapters
including the introduction. The second chapter presents the
findings of the literature review on hospital information
syste... Mostrar mais +
ms. The second chapter is a review and analysis of
national and international experiences in production of
information systems and indicators for monitoring and
evaluation of public hospitals. A detailed cataloging of
these experiments is given in Annexes 2, 3 and 4 of this
document. The third chapter assesses the three existing
hospital information systems in the Health Secretariat of
the State of São Paulo. The chapter highlights the
compatibility and incongruities existing in these three
information management information systems, highlighting
major gaps for future unification of these databases. The
fourth chapter develops a comparative analysis of hospitals
under the model of Organizações Sociais de Saúde (OSS) and
the direct administration on the basis of data available in
different systems information on Secretaria de Saúde do
Estado de São Paulo (SES). The fifth chapter develops a
concrete proposal for the unification of databases, to mount
a unified system of monitoring and evaluation, with
corresponding indicators and a plan for the implementation
of this system in hospitals currently managed directly or
indirectly by SES. The sixth chapter develops some brief
considerations about the extension of the OSS model to other
hospitals in the state, discussing the elements that could
form the major costs associated with this implementation.
The seventh is the last chapter and presents an analysis of
the model needed to extend information systems proposed for
the SES allows access to data related to performance of
other hospitals that receive funds from Sistema Único de
Saúde (SUS) in the state, such as charity hospitals, private
profit and municipal hospitals. Mostrar menos -
Tipo:
Outro estudo sobre saúde
Relatorio#: 72380
Data: 1 de junho de 2010
The main purpose of an appraisal
framework for transport infrastructure projects and programs
is to provide an objective and transparent basis for
decision-makers t... Mostrar mais +
o ascertain the feasibility and levels of
priority of major transport projects and policies. An
appraisal framework also serves a second, more general,
purpose: to contribute to upgrading internal management
processes aimed at improving the quality of expenditure. An
adequate appraisal framework needs to: 1) strike a balance
between an objective economic evaluation and a broader
multi-criteria evaluation; and 2) provide clear
methodologies and norms to guide appraisers, and ensure
comparability among project appraisals, when time comes to
prioritize the projects. To ensure that an appraisal
framework can deliver on the two above-mentioned purposes,
it is important to raise public awareness as to the basic
principles and objectives of appraisals, and to structure
public sector capacity to undertake or lead, as well as
review appraisals, to ensure that they are reliable and of
adequate quality. Appraisal frameworks are at different
stages of development in different countries, with the most
advanced frameworks. Brazil has made a lot of progress in
that area since the end of the 1990s. Today, the legal
framework is conducive to the systematic undertaking of
appraisals. While progress has been made on structuring a
series of norms and guidelines to allow for the
implementation of the framework's directives, the
normative body, overall, is still relatively vague and incomplete. Mostrar menos -
Tipo:
Documento de Trabalho (Série Numerada)
Relatorio#: 56955
Data: 1 de março de 2010
Autor:
Veron, Adrien
Today, Brazil has the second longest
highway network under private concessions in the world. This
paper analyzes Brazil's experience under the two first
phases of t... Mostrar mais +
he federal road concession program, and
highlights some of the program's strengths and areas
for further development. Despite the unfolding world
financial and economic crisis, the potential for further
private participation in the sector appears very good. This
paper essentially argues that it may be time for Brazil to
revamp its current models for private participation in the
sector, which may soon reach their limit in terms of being
able to meet efficiently the needs of a growing economy. In
summary, Brazil could: 1) diversify its toll road model to
allow for more innovative public-private partnership
structures; 2) update its toll regulatory and contractual
framework to overcome some of the design problems that have
led to relatively inefficient tolling; 3) consolidate the
institutional framework for road concessions to give a
stabilized basis for further developments; 4) develop a
policy framework adapted to the current Brazilian
environment, taking into account the need to ensure
harmonized levels of service and tolls across the country;
and 5) adapt the sector financing framework to the rising
capacity of private markets. Mostrar menos -
Tipo:
Documento de Trabalho (Série Numerada)
Relatorio#: 56956
Data: 1 de março de 2010
Autor:
Veron, Adrien ;
Cellier, Jacques
