Author

Dillinger, William1994

Number of Pages:39

 Full Text

Decentralization And Its Implications For Urban Service Delivery


Abstract


This paper reviews efforts to improve the efficiency and responsiveness of urban service delivery in

developing countries. It argues that failures in urban service delivery are not merely the result of a lack of

technical knowledge on the part of local government staff, but also reflect constraints and perverse incentives

confronting local personnel and their political leadership, and that these, in turn, are often the inadvertent

result of problems in the relationship between central and local government.



In this respect, the report views the spread of decentralization as a potentially fortuitous phenomenon. As a

political phenomenon, decentralization is widespread. Out of the 75 developing and transitional countries with

populations greater than 5 million, all but 12 claim to be embarked on some form of transfer of political power

to local units of government. But the objectives of decentralization as it is observed in practice -- appear only

tangentially related to administrative performance. The decentralization now occurring is not a carefully

designed sequence of reforms aimed at improving the efficiency of public service delivery; it appears to be a

reluctant and disorderly series of concessions by central governments attempting to maintain political stability.





Nevertheless, it presents reformers -- both domestic and in the donor community -- with an opportunity to

promote the kinds of fundamental reforms that have proven frustrating in the past. Because decentralization

has introduced a high degree of fluidity into the structure of intergovernmental relations, it has brought

flexibility into what had appeared to be an immutable system of governance.



The stakes are high. Decentralization affects not only urban services, but also social sectors, non-urban

infrastructure, and -- conceivably -- the stability of national economies and the effectiveness of

poverty-alleviation efforts. As the present degree of fluidity in intergovernmental relations is presumably

transitory, it is an opportunity that should be seized.