Tellus InstituteContact Person : Dr. Charles Heaps
11 Arlington Street
Boston MA 02116-3411
USA
Tel: 1-617 426 0836
Fax: 1-617 426 7692
Telex: 279926 ESRG BSN UR
Email: CHEAPS@TELLUS.COM
The objective of LEAP, the Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning system, is to provide a computer-based approach for fostering integrated, reliable, and ongoing energy planning. It is suitable for performing energy assessments in developing or industrialized countries, for multi-country regions, or for local planning purposes. LEAP provides an information bank, an instrument for long-term projections of supply/demand configurations and a vehicle for identifying and evaluating policy and technology options.
The next release of LEAP will include a new tool for conducting full fuel cycle analyses of energy options: allowing the environmental impacts of energy options to be compared per unit of delivered energy (e.g. GW-HRs of electricity) or per unit of energy service (e.g. pass-km of transport).
- Base year energy balance
- user selected level of detail;
- Energy prices- optional;
- Energy technology performance;
- Energy technology costs;
- International energy price projections;
- Local environmental coefficients - optional;
- Energy intensity by end use activity;
- Biomass/land use data - optional.
Local, regional, national and global. Aggregation program allows combination of regional analyses.
Medium to long-term, annual time steps.
- Energy Policy Analysis;
- Environmental Policy Analysis;
- Biomass and Land-Use Assessment;
- Preinvestment Project Analysis;
- Integrated Energy Planning;
- Full Fuel Cycle Analysis.
Macroeconomic analysis
Macroeconomic model available but not distributed as part of standard package.Total energy system analysis
Demand analysis: Detailed evaluation of composition of demand by sector, subsector, end-use and equipment. Growth of demand determined by user-defined relationships for fuel shares, energy intensities, equipment ownership, and structural change. End-use econometric projection methodologies can be combined in single demand model;Detailed electric system analysis
Resource analysis: Simple representation of depletable resources and most renewable resources. Detailed representation of biomass resources;
Supply side analysis: Detailed evaluation of supply system configuration, both current and future. User-defined structure and level of detail. Flexible algorithms available for allocation of multiple inputs/outputs such as co-generated heat and electricity;
Supply/demand balance: Iterative calculations simulate system feedback loops.Simulation of annual load duration curve and plant dispatch by merit order.Environmental analysisAll environmental burdens computed as uncontrolled emissions, with alternative control equipment, under alternative environmental regulations, and with incremental cost of control.
Air-pollution: Permits comprehensive treatment of all pollutants;
Water: Same as above;
Solid waste: Same as above;
Land use: Permits comprehensive treatment, special detail on biomass land use;
Occupational health and safety: Permits comprehensive treatment.
Decision support analysis: Generates comparisons of alternative scenario results in physical, environmental, cost/benefits.
Flexibility
Energy system structure and data input are adaptable to local conditions. Can be expanded with data development.
Future development
Extended full fuel cycle analysis capabilities (e.g. material flows);
Expansion of environmental database;
Linkages to GIS and atmospheric dispersion models;
Windows version planned.
User friendliness
Menu-driven, on-line help, error checking, graphic outputs.
Documentation
Overview, user guide technical description, on-line context sensitive help, training manual, all available in English.
Training
Approximately one week required. Available on a case-by-case basis.
Case studies
LEAP and EDB users and applications span approximately 100 government agencies, utilities and research institutes in over 30 countries.
Specific case studies include: Senegal, Costa Rica (economic and environmental assessment of energy strategies); Tanzania, and Zimbabwe (building institutional capacity); the United States (national energy study); the Philippines (decentralized rural energy planning; Venezuela; Egypt (UNEP greenhouse gas abatement costing project); India (minimizing transport air pollution); Brazil (electric utility forecasts and scenario analyses); and global energy and climate change studies.
Hardware
Minimum 286 PC;
640 K RAM, hard disk with at least 6 MB free space;
CGA Monitor.
386 with 2 MB RAM recommended;
Supports math coprocessor and CGA, Hercules, EGA, VGA graphics.
Software
DOS 3.1.or higher.
1981 Annual Report to Congress, DOE Energy Information Admin. Report DOE EIA-0173 (81)/3 (S-3), Feb. 82, vol. 3(170), special report (LEAP).Ackermann, F. and P.E. Fernandes de Almeida, Iron and Charcoal, the Industrial Woodfuels Crisis in Minas Gerais, in Energy Policy, September 1990.
Beijer Institute and the Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Energy and Development in Kenya ,Opportunities and Constraints, volume 1 of the series Energy, Environment and Development in Africa, Stockholm and Uppsala, 1984.
Beijer Institute and the Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Zimbabwe: Energy Planning for National Development, volume 9 of the series Energy, Environment and Development in Africa, Stockholm and Uppsala, 1986.
Falk, J.E., G.P. McCormick, R.M. Soland, Research into the Methodology of the LEAP Model, DOE Report Doe/EIA-451887, Dec 79(120).
Hansen, J.A., M. Becker, J.L. Trimble, Economic Foundations of LEAP Model 22c, NTIS Report ORNL-5748, Apr. 81(125), special report.
Kydes, A.S., J.D. Pearson, A Comparative Assessment of Five Long-Run Energy Projections, DOE Report Doe/EIA/Cr-0016-02, Dec 79(135).
Lazarus, M., EnergieEnvironnement: Une approche de synthese par le systeme LEAP, in Liaison EnergieFrancophonie, Numero 8, 3e Trimestre 1990, Institut de l'Energie des Pays ayant en commun l'usage du Francais (IEPF), Canada, 1990.
LEAP - A Computerized Energy Planning System, volume 1 Overview, volume 2 User Guide, volume 3 Technical Description, all for LEAP Version 9001, Stockholm Environment Institute, Boston Center, Tellus Institute (formerly ESRG), Boston, 1990.
Mrindoko, B.J., The Application of Computerized Energy Planning in Tanzania Using the LEAP Model, Ministry of Energy, Minerals and Water, Tanzania, April 1990.
O'Keefe, P. and P.D. Raskin, Crisis and Opportunity: Fuel Wood in Kenya, in AMBIO, a Journal of the Human Environment, vol.14, No. 45, 1985.
Raskin, P.D., Integrated Energy Planning in Developing Countries: The Role of Computer Systems,in AMBIO, a Journal of the Human Environment, vol. 14, No. 45, 1985.
Raskin, P.D. and M. Lazarus, Methodological Aspects of Rural Energy Planning: A ComputerBased Approach, Annex 1 of A Comprehensive Approach to Energy Assessment and Planning for Rural and Agricultural Development, UNDP/ESCAP/FAO, Rome, 1990.
Simoes, J.T.C., ed., SADCC: Energy and Development to the Year 2000, volume 2 of the series Energy, Environment and Development in Africa, SADCC Energy Sector in collaboration with the Beijer Institute and the Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, Stockholm and Uppsala, 1984.