2. According to Chart 1, what is happening to the population size in low- and middle- income countries over time?

3. How do you explain these two trends?

4. The following table shows population data for three developing countries. Complete the table by calculating the annual population change for each country (divide the percentage by 100 to get a decimal, then multiply population size by the decimal figure), then answer the questions that follow. 

Country	Population size		Average annual PGR %		Annual population change
	1980	1998	1980	1998	1980	1998
Ethiopia	38,000,000	61,000,000	2.7	2.1
Pakistan	83,000,000	132,000,000	3.0	2.3
Ukraine	50,000,000	50,000,000	.2	–.8

1. Look at the numbers for Pakistan. Although the average annual population growth rate decreased from 1980 to 1998, the annual population increase was greater in 1998. Why?
2. What are the population trends in Ethiopia?
3. What are the population trends in Ukraine? What would have been its total population in 1999? What might be some reasons for these trends?

5. What effect might a declining population growth rate have on a country’s economy and environment?  

6. Why might a country not want to slow its population growth?