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Knowledge Pack : Senegal This
Knowledge Pack contains Indigenous Knowledge cases and other useful
information related to Senegal. The indigenous
knowledge pack is a tool that provides users with quick access to
synthesized information by country or selected thematic area. For more Information
on the |
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Environment |
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| Education | Indigenous Language as a
non-profit Business |
| Enterprise Development | Training Standards in the
Informal Sector |
| Health | |
| Rural Finance | Domino effect of Building Local Banks Based on Group Responsibility |
Environment
Community Participation
Promotes Biodiversity Conservation
Summary: Flora and fauna of the
Natural Reserve of Popenguine, a shelter along the migratory route of numerous
birds that follow the Atlantic coast of West Africa, had been severely damaged
by the effects of drought, increased grazing, and firewood harvest. To reclaim
the reserve a group of women created the Association of Women of Popenguine for
the Protection of the Environment. The association raised green firebreaks
around the entire perimeter, replanted native species furnished by a nursery
established at the same time, and trained young volunteers from neighboring
urban areas in nature conservation who eventually performed much of the physical
labor. The women not only succeeded in re-stimulating local biodiversity and
restoring the natural vegetation of the area but their efforts also apparently
contributed materially to the reappearance of animal species not seen in those
parts for years: porcupines, mongoose, pata, jackals, civet cats, etc. During
the following eight years, the RFPPN used first its own resources and then
additional ones provided by donor organizations. The restoration of the
reserve's ecology attracts the sort of tourist activity that would genuinely
benefit the local population, as opposed to earlier tourist
traffic.
| IK Homepage |
Education
Indigenous Language as a non-profit
Business
Summary: Since 1986 the
organization “ARED” (Association for Research on Education) has dedicated itself
to the publication of reading materials in the Pulaar language for learners in
northwest Senegal. This is actually only one of a series of efforts, including
another coordinated by APESS (Associa-tion Peulh pour l’Education et la Science)
in Burkina Faso, that have been devoted in recent years to promoting the use of
different regional variants of Fulfuldé, the language of the Peulh—an ethnic
group of age-old tradition that is spread out from North Cameroon to the
Atlantic Coast but rarely constitutes the majority in the regions it inhabits.
The activities of ARED have been energetically supported by associations of
Pulaar speakers who have emigrated to Saudi Arabia, Egypt, the Maghreb and
Europe. This support has enabled ARED to produce a whole series of books and
newspapers in Pulaar and to give a new impetus to literacy courses for adults.
Achieving literacy in Pulaar has become a symbol of honor in village society in
this part of Senegal, and literacy campaigns launched on this basis have greatly
contributed to a cultural renewal throughout the
region.
Lesson: Adult literacy increases
when based on local languages and thus contributes to the cultural renewal of a
minority ethnic group.
Source: University of Florida, IK-Note 38
| IK Homepage |
Health
Self Managed
Clinics Improve Maternal Health
Summary: A group of women in the
village of Saam Njaay in the region of Senegal established a program of
“baby-weighing” and maternal health. Building on the contribution of materials
by a philanthropic organization and the support of some husbands, they extended
the program to more than 15 villages in the small region, where pregnant women
and mothers of young infants could visit the infirmary for consultations and
medical visits. The group gradually expanded its functions to a complete system
of preventive medicine, first aid, and referral to the regional dispensary as
needed. Its personnel maintained such detailed files on consultation and
treatment that it was possible, beginning in 1996, for the group to conduct its
own statistical analysis retracing the incidence and evolution of infantile
disease in the zone; the results demonstrated a net improvement on several
important indicators.
Lesson: Relying on local
organizations helps to integrate traditional and modern health systems to
improve primary health care.
Source: University of Florida,
IK-Notes (to be published)
| IK Homepage |
Abolishing
FGM with the Support of Traditional Leaders
Summary: In June 1997 the women of
Malicounda, Senegal attended a non-formal education program led by TOSTAN, a
local NGO. Inspired by the training, they decided to abandon the practice of
female genital cutting. They convinced the village council to abolish the
practice officially. Not satisfied with this result, they launched a locally
impelled movement. They created a team (including a few of their husbands) to
visit neighboring villages. They spoke to women there and helped them win the
support of their communities. The women also convinced the traditional leaders,
including the Imam of Malicounda, to support their agenda and became involved
actively as change agents. In January 1998, in the "Declaration of Malicounda" a
congress of 18 village leaders from the region committed to abandon the
practice. Soon after, President Abdou Diouf of Senegal endorsed the "Oath of
Malicounda" as a model for national adoption. As of March 2001, this grass roots
movement had spread to more than 200 communities nationwide and several other
communities in other countries as well.
Lesson: Traditional leaders and
women's group working together is an efficient way to end harmful cultural
practices.
| IK Homepage |
Enterprise
Development
Training Standards in the Informal
Sector
Summary: The Leather Artisan's
Group (le Groupement d'Intérêt Economique des Artisans de Cuir) was formed eight
years ago to address difficulties faced by its sixty members in obtaining raw
materials (leather, skins, glue, dyes, rubber, cloth, thread, etc.) and the
rising costs of these inputs, exacerbated by currency devaluation. Today the
Leather Artisan's Group also serves its constituency by instituting standard
procedures among its members, including methods for training apprentices,
organizing marketing and securing input. Like many other "economic interest
groups" created in the country over the last few years, the Leather Artisans do
not constitute a modern enterprise or an officially licensed profession. Because
of the complementary nature of the leather trade to other crafts and the many
people it employs, it is a mainstay of the informal sector of the Senegalese
economy.
Lesson: Associations of producers
of the informal sector formed under economic pressures eventually offer
guild-like services to its members without becoming part of the formal
sector.
Source: University of Florida,
IK-Notes (to be published)
| IK Homepage |
Domino effect of Building Local Banks Based on Group
Responsibility
Summary: Fandène is a village
community located six kilometers from Thiès, Senegal. It was formerly the site
of a Catholic mission and rural community center. In 1987 the residents of
Fandène created their own credit mutual and savings union. It has now expanded
to branches in twenty neighboring villages, of both Islamic and Christian
affiliation. This network, entirely self-managed in Fandène and on its way to
being so in the other communities of the network, has progressively amassed
capital of twenty million CFA francs. The various branches solicit loan requests
from groups and individuals in the surrounding area, require formal written
application and justification, perform their own formal evaluation of the
feasibility of the loan, and offer technical assistance to help borrowers make
their investments profitable. The savings institutions in each community collect
repayments at an annual interest rate of 15%, and reinvest profits in the their
own institutional development and in local social service programs. The Fandène
network has in addition created technical advisory teams to assist groups in
low-income neighborhoods of the nearby cities of Thiès and Dakar who wish to
establish their own credit and savings programs.
Lesson: Savings and loan schemes
based on local groups and peer control facilitates capital accumulation in a
rural area.
Source: University of Florida, IK-Notes 6
| IK Homepage |
Local IK Sources
Mme Sonja Fagerberg-Diallo
Director Association for Research, Education and Development (ARED)
B.P. 10737 Dakar – Liberté, Senegal
Villa 8253 Sacré Cœur I, Dakar, Senegal
Tel : 221-825-71-19/824-50-98
Fax : 221-824-70-97
Email : ared@enda.sn
Dr. Henri M. Lô
Institut des Sciences de l’Environnement (ISE)
Université Cheik Anta Diop de Dakar
B.P. 5883 Dakar-Fann
République du Sénégal
Tel. : 221-824-23-02
Home : 221-860-31-05
Fax : 222-824-37-14
Email: henrilo@telecomplus.sn
Cel.: 221-644-51-19
Mme Mariam Sow
Coordinatrice
ENDA/Pronat (Protection Naturelles des Cultures)
B.P. 3370
54, Rue Carnot
Dakar, Senegal
Tel.: 221-822-55-65
Home : 221-834-02-60
Cel.: 221-637-12-88
Email: pronat@enda.sn
M. Emmanuel Ndione
Executive Secretary for Coordination
ENDA/GRAF (Groupe Recherches Actions et Formations)
Grand Yoff – Cité Millionnaire
B.P. 13069
Dakar, Sénégal
Tel : 221-827-20-25
Fax : 221-827-32-15
Email : graf@enda.sn
URL : http://www.enda.sn/graf
Professeur Hervé de LAUTURE
Enda-MadeSahel (Méthodes Apliquées au Développement du Sahel)
Centre El Hadj Thierno Saïdou Nourou Tall – Mbour,
Sénégal
B.P. 6259
Dakar
Tel: 221-957-15-33 (Mbour)
Tel/Fax: 221-823-76-76 (Dakar)
M. Mohamed Soumare
Coordinateur
Programme ECOPOP
ENDA Tiers Monde
Km 6, Avenue Cheikh Anta Diop
B.P. 3370 Dakar
Senegal
Tel.: 221-821-05-44
Fax : 221-821-05-33
Email : ecopop@enda.sn
Professeur Massaer Diallo
Directeur General de l’Université des Mutants de Gorée
B.P. 16738 Dakar – Fann
Tel. : (D) 221-860-72-30
Cel : 221-684-94-34
Email : dialco@ucad.sn
M. Mansour Tall
Director
International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED)
B.P. 5579
Dakar, Senegal
Tel.: 221-824-44-17
Fax: 221-824-44-13
Email: iiedsen@telecom-plus.sen
M. Babacar Diop Buuba
President
Conseil des Organisations Non-Gouvernementales d’Appui au Développement
(CONGAD)
Sicap Amitié 1 Villa No. 3029 bis
B.P. 4109
Dakar, Senegal
Tel: 221-824-41-16
Fax: 221-824-44-13
Cel: 221-644-41-62
Home: 221-820-36-17
Email: congad@sonatel.senet.net
M. Koumakh Ndour
Directeur
Ecole Nationale d’Economie Appliquée (ENEA)
Km 6, Avenue Cheikh Anta Diop
B.P. 5084
Dakar-Fann
Tel/fax: 221-825-25-48
Cel: 221-634-09-91
Home : 221-825-96-81
Email: enea@telecomplus.sn
Chef de Département Recherche Appliquée
Ecole Nationale d’Economie Appliquée (ENEA)
Km 6, Avenue Cheikh Anta Diop
B.P. 5084
Dakar-Fann
Tel/fax: 221-825-31-76
Cel: 221-631-65-91
Fax : 221-825-25-48
Email : enea@telecomplus.sn
|
Quality Education |
| This project supports Senegal's
educational framework which aims for quality universal basic education in
2008-09. One of the main project components is to improve educational
quality by focusing on early childhood development, a school improvement
of small grants, urban initiatives, school and family reading, introducing
national languages in literacy training, textbooks and reading materials,
school health and nutrition, the dropout and repetition initiatives, adult
basic education, evaluation of student learning, teacher training, science
and technology, and vocational training. This will be done in tandem with
decentralized planning and community participation.
Full Report: PAD |
|
Pilot Female Literacy Project |
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This project will support the first phase of the government's 10-year program which aims to reduce the illiteracy rate. The main objective of the first phase (1995-2000) is to lower the illiteracy rate to about 40 percent overall, and to 47 percent for women, by supporting literacy providers to offer programs to a total of about 300,000 beneficiaries, 75 percent women. Other objectives include ensuring the sustainability of literacy skills and strengthening the capacity of the public sector to monitor, evaluate and coordinate public investments in literacy programs. Full Report: ICR
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Endemic Disease Control |
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The global objective this project is to help the government alleviate the burden of endemic and epidemic diseases among the Senegalese populations. For the year 2002, benchmarks established include reducing infant mortality, urinary schistosomiasis; and the risk of blindness due to onchocerciasis. One of the project support policy measures includes strengthening the National Endemic Disease Service's (SNGE) capabilities and the Hygiene and Public Health Directorate's (DHSP) ability in project management. Specifically, project support will take the form of financing consultant services to design and produce information campaigns and national control programs, and studies and operational research; the education of opinion makers in households; using preventative measures and dispensing pharmaceuticals to treat schoolchildren; training nurses and the national endemic disease service staff; the procurement of computer hardware and software, furniture and other equipment; and the design and supervision of civil works.
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Bank Sources
Indigenous Knowledge for
Development Link to the Homepage of the
Indigenous Knowledge for Development Program of the Africa Region
Database of
Indigenous Knowledge and Practices Link to the
Database of Practices of the Indigenous Knowledge for Development Program
of the Africa Region
IK Notes Newsletter Link
to the IK Notes of the Indigenous Knowledge for Development Program of
the Africa Region
An Introduction to the Microfinance Institutions
Contact List
Register for Best Practices in Indigenous Knowledge Link to the database of Best Practices of UNESCO
Please send feedback or comments to mailto:%20rwoytek@worldbank.org
Should you know of other indigenous knowledge practices that have helped or may help to improve Bank programs, please share them with us. We will enter your contribution into the IK-Database.
1. Country:
Where is the practice applied (country and location)?
2. Domain:
In which sector is the practice applied (agriculture, health, social development etc.)?
3. Technology:
What technology (e.g. soil erosion control, childcare, institutional development etc.)?
4. Bearers of Knowledge:
By whom is the practice applied (e.g. Washambaa, local healers, women's group of a given village etc.)?
5. Source:
Where can we inquire further?
Primary provider information (probably yourself or your institution)
Secondary providers of information
Add references to literature, web sites, names of individuals or organizations that can corroborate the practice.
Include addresses of primary and secondary providers of information.
6. Descriptive headline of practice:
One to two lines capturing the main features of a practice.
7. Summary:
Describe the main features of the practice and explain (not more than 200 words).
8. Lessons:
Answer three key questions related to efficacy and impact of the practice.
- Why it is important for the local community?
- Why might it be beneficial to other communities?
- Why should development organizations learn more about this practice?
9. Methods used to capture information:
How was the practice identified, recorded and documented?
NB:
The IK database is an open, on-line resource for information on indigenous knowledge practices. The database acts as a referral system and does not disclose the technical details of practices or applications. Most practices in the database have been reported elsewhere in publicly accessible information sources. As is the principle of a referral database the provider of information could be asked by users of the database to provide further information or pointers as regards details of the practice. It is to the discretion of the provider of information and the inquirer to negotiate the terms of the exchange of knowledge. No information provided will be made public without the consent of the provider.
Should you know of other indigenous knowledge practices that have helped or may help to improve Bank programs, please share them with us. We will enter your contribution into the IK-Database.
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